Probably the best expression of what it means is expressed by Os Guinness in several of his talks. This one on the Veritas Forum at Stanford is an older expression which has since been refined in his new book,
The Free People’s Suicide.
youtu.be/NW2iw9M71g4 (Begin at about 53:12 for this specific point.)
Basically, his point is that the framers of the Constitution founded the nation of the United States upon a “triangle of first principles.” True freedom in any nation requires virtue on the part of its citizens which requires faith as a basic starting point. Faith, in turn, requires freedom, etc.
He further points out that “the republic” requires ultimate beliefs in order for the rights it grants its citizens to have any roots or grounds in public life.
However, paradoxically, the founders of “the republic” rejected any overt statement of what those ultimate beliefs should be. There can be no orthodoxy, no heresy, no “state religion” in the republic, as founded by the framers of the constitution.
So how are those inherently contradictory requirements brought together without threatening the entire enterprise?
Guinness suggests that the founding fathers made a kind of open wager leaving the reconciliation of those requirements the hands of “the people,” through free and open democratic debate in order for the MOST true, the MOST just, the MOST human, the MOST moral beliefs to win out in the end.
What is absolutely necessary, for the republic to succeed, is to permit that free and open debate, i.e., conscience rights MUST be expressed by all and ensured for all in order for the best beliefs to be expressed and seen for what they are. That, again, is the role of freedom of expression, which should not be stifled, although true freedom requires virtue, otherwise this expression will simply amount to babble.
What Guinness calls the “wager” of the framers of the Constitution can be lost in two ways:
- That the society becomes so pluralistic that everyone simply gives up and apathy reigns. Tolerance becomes indifference.
- Someone or group plays the game to gain power to silence all other voices and simply remove the possibility of democratic debate.
I would suggest this is precisely the game currently being played by those on the left – to silence by bulllying and threat of law the right to freely express differences of beliefs. The arguments for “most just,” “most true,” “most human,” etc., are not being won in a free and open forum, but by threat of law held by left-leaning elitists who seek to cajole (and by much worse means) others into agreement by power through held office; not by persuasion, but by “persuasion.”
Guinness has a more recent talk here:
youtu.be/LlHFR3dxuIg
It is based on his book
A Free People’s Suicide where he develops the idea further.