Refuting Buddhism

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RE: Refuting Buddhism

Rossum’s signature line comes as close as anything to demonstrating that his belief system - assuming it is a reflection of Buddhist thinking - is self-refuting. 😃
The ultimate truth is that there is no Ultimate Truth.
 
RE: Refuting Buddhism

Rossum’s signature line comes as close as anything to demonstrating that his belief system - assuming it is a reflection of Buddhist thinking - is self-refuting. 😃
I agree. The only truth is that there is no truth. Then why should anyone believe him? It can’t be true?

I would ask Rossum if he would be willing to refute the objective truth that gravity exists by stepping off of a twenty story building and seeing what happens.
 
I agree. The only truth is that there is no truth. Then why should anyone believe him? It can’t be true?

I would ask Rossum if he would be willing to refute the objective truth that gravity exists by stepping off of a twenty story building and seeing what happens.
To be completely fair, rossum’s signature line is intended to be more along the lines of a paradox or Zen Koan, the very purpose of which is to compel the reader to abandon dependency upon human reason and seek enlightenment as an immediate act of intuition rather than mediated through reasoning.

I do have some sympathy for the idea of grasping things more profoundly and immediately through intuition precisely because reasoning involves a kind of translation of reality into concept and language which tends to distort reality from how it is essentially apprehended, but, I suspect, that is the challenge of philosophy and we can’t just assume that “reality” cannot, at least, adequately be comprehended or shared, in an admittedly qualified way, by human reasoning and language.
 
The fact that you don’t accept the existence of a soul has nothing to do with the reality of its existence.
The fact that you accept the reality of a soul has nothing to do with its non-existence.
You need to make a case as to why it is unacceptable.
A human being consists of five parts: body/form, feelings, perceptions, impulses/habits and consciousness. All of these five change. What part of a human being, beyond these five can you point to. Does this further part change or not?
You have an identity as a unique being; no one else is you and there has never been another “you”.
I have a series of linked unique identities, each one conditioned by the previous ones in the series and in turn conditioning the further ones in the series. The series is indeed unique, but it is not a single entity, rather it is a compound entity. If you remove all of the individual parts f the compound entity then there is no underlying “soul” left over. If you remove all its parts then there is no “car” left over.
The only thing that changes is the development of the body
Feelings change. Perceptions change. Habits change. Consciousness changes. All five parts of a human being change.
The sky changes minute by minute, but it is still the sky.
It is a series of different skies, each one conditioned by its predecessors.
The tree in my front yard sheds its leaves every fall, but it is still the same tree. A change in appearance is not a change in identity.
It is a series of different trees, each conditioned by its predecessors. Remove all those different trees and there is no “essential tree” left.

Buddhism places change at the centre of its analysis of the world. All things are marked with change, along with suffering and soullessness. Other religions tend to look for permanence… That is an error, since permanence cannot be found.

“Impermanent are all compound things.”
When one realises this by wisdom,
then one does not heed ill.
This is the Path of Purity.

“Sorrowful are all compound things.”
When one realises this by wisdom,
then one does not heed ill.
This is the Path of Purity.

“All the elements of reality are soulless.”
When one realises this by wisdom,
then one does not heed ill.
This is the Path of Purity.

– Dhammapada 20:5-7

rossum
 
Rossum’s signature line comes as close as anything to demonstrating that his belief system - assuming it is a reflection of Buddhist thinking - is self-refuting. 😃
You are not the first to notice my sig. The original source is Mark Siderits, “Thinking on Empty: Madhyamika Anti-Realism and Canons of Rationality” in S Biderman and B.A. Schaufstein, eds, Rationality In Question (1989). Dordrecht: Brill.

I have not read Siderits but saw the quote in a piece on Nagarjuna. The “Madhyamika” in Siderits’ title refers to the religious and philosophical school of Buddhism that Nagarjuna founded. I have seen the same quote again in other places in reference to the Madhyamika and Nagarjuna - it seems quite popular. The quote is intentionally paradoxical; paradox is necessary to remind us that words are insufficient when trying to describe the fundamental nature of reality.

For a philosophical discussion of Nagarjuna and reality see the web article Nagarjuna and the Limits of Thought. The Siderits quote is at the end of section four of the article:

There is, then, no escape. Nagarjuna’s view is contradictory. The contradiction is, clearly a paradox of expressibility. Nagarjuna succeeds in saying the unsayable, just as much as the Wittgenstein of the Tractatus. We can think (and characterize) reality only subject to language, which is conventional, so the ontology of that reality is all conventional. It follows that the conventional objects of reality do not ultimately (non-conventionally) exist. It also follows that nothing we say of them is ultimately true. That is, all things are empty of ultimate existence; and this is their ultimate nature, and is an ultimate truth about them. They hence cannot be thought to have that nature; nor can we say that they do. But we have just done so. As Mark Siderits (1989) has put it, “the ultimate truth is that there is no ultimate truth.”

rossum
 
I would ask Rossum if he would be willing to refute the objective truth that gravity exists by stepping off of a twenty story building and seeing what happens.
I have no problem with objective truth. I have great problems with Ultimate Truth, Absolute Truth or any of the other reified truths that people discuss. All reification is incorrect; there is no more a reified Truth than there is a reified Blue.

The emptiness of emptiness is the fact that not even emptiness exists ultimately, that it is also dependent, conventional, nominal, and in the end it is just the everydayness of the everyday. Penetrating to the depths of being, we find ourselves back on the surface of things and so discover that there is nothing, after all, beneath those deceptive surfaces. Moreover, what is deceptive about them is simply the fact that we assume ontological depth lurking just beneath.

– Jay Garfield, “Empty words, Buddhist philosophy and cross-cultural interpretation.” OUP 2002.

Reification is just us projecting out internal ideas of “hidden depth” onto external reality. It has no more reality than the water in a mirage, which is inside our head rather than really existing in the external world.

rossum
 
Hi rossum,

Very interesting dialogue here 🙂

Whats the difference between perceptions and consciousness?
 
I have no problem with objective truth. I have great problems with Ultimate Truth, Absolute Truth or any of the other reified truths that people discuss. All reification is incorrect; there is no more a reified Truth than there is a reified Blue.

The emptiness of emptiness is the fact that not even emptiness exists ultimately, that it is also dependent, conventional, nominal, and in the end it is just the everydayness of the everyday. Penetrating to the depths of being, we find ourselves back on the surface of things and so discover that there is nothing, after all, beneath those deceptive surfaces. Moreover, what is deceptive about them is simply the fact that we assume ontological depth lurking just beneath.

– Jay Garfield, “Empty words, Buddhist philosophy and cross-cultural interpretation.” OUP 2002.

Reification is just us projecting out internal ideas of “hidden depth” onto external reality. It has no more reality than the water in a mirage, which is inside our head rather than really existing in the external world.

rossum
Would you agree that Absolute Truth exists, but I’ll be darned if any human being has ever shown us what it is?
 
Reification is just us projecting out internal ideas of “hidden depth” onto external reality. It has no more reality than the water in a mirage, which is inside our head rather than really existing in the external world.

rossum
The above is merely a claim, not an argument.

Reification is giving reality or existence to an abstraction. You are claiming that God (Absolute Truth) is a fiction, like a mirage, created by projection of the aggregate of our “internal depth” (desires, aspirations, deepest thoughts, etc.,) onto external reality.

The problem with this thesis is at least twofold:
  1. Even if reification properly describes what some individual believers are doing, it does not follow that all believers are doing so. You would need to show there is no Absolute Truth in order for your thesis to fly. Just because what some believers consider to be “Absolute Truth” can be reduced to a mirage of their innermost thoughts, does not entail that Absolute Truth, Itself, is not a reality. These individuals may just be mistaken about what constitutes Absolute Truth, and since your argument relies on equating Absolute Truth with innermost thoughts,” any aspect of Absolute Truth which does not reduce to innermost thoughts destroys your argument.
  2. An honest and careful analysis by most thoughtful people reveals a distinction between their conception of Absolute Truth and their innermost aspirations. We can distinguish our thoughts from what is considered Absolute Truth and they are not the same. Presumably, that is precisely what led you to your thesis that there is no Absolute Truth because you recognize the difference between truth and your thoughts about truth. How do you know that believers have not gone a step beyond you merely thinking about truth to actual “communion” with Absolute Truth? You don’t because your analysis stops short at presuming that simple unilateral objectivity is the extent of truth, perhaps? How would you know that Absolute Truth is not “self-revealing,” since you have ruled out that possibility by fiat?
 
Reification is giving reality or existence to an abstraction.
Exactly. The abstract is not real, hence trying to treat the abstract as real, by reifying it, is an error.
You are claiming that God (Absolute Truth) is a fiction, like a mirage, created by projection of the aggregate of our “internal depth” (desires, aspirations, deepest thoughts, etc.,) onto external reality.
I do not define God that way. God, YHWH, is a living being with certain ascribed properties. Allah is a living being with certain ascribed properties. Vishnu … etc. Absolute Truth is something different; at the very least it is is not a living being.
You would need to show there is no Absolute Truth in order for your thesis to fly.
Here are two statements:

A) 1 + 1 = 2

B) Statement A is Absolute Truth.

How do we determine if statement B) is true or false? Without some way of distinguishing what is, and what is not, an Absolute Truth then there can be no useful claim to the existence of any proposed Absolute Truth.

Do Invisible Pink Unicorns exist? We have no way of telling, so for practical purposes we can ignore them. Since Buddhism is a practical religion – it is a path to the cessation of suffering – then it happily ignores things which are not relevant to following that path:

Parable of the Simsapa Leaves

At one time the Blessed One was staying at Kosambi in Simsapa Grove. Then the Blessed One, taking a few Simsapa leaves in his hand, said to the monks: “What do you think, monks? Which are the more numerous, the few leaves I have here in my hand, or those up in the trees of the grove?”

“Lord, the Blessed One is holding only a few leaves: those up in the trees are far more numerous.”

"In the same way, monks, there are many more things that I have found out, but not revealed to you. What I have revealed to you is only a little. And why, monks, have I not revealed it?

"Because, monks, it is not related to the goal, it is not fundamental to the holy life, does not conduce to disenchantment, dispassion, cessation, tranquillity, higher knowledge, enlightenment or Nibbana. That is why I have not revealed it. And what, monks, have I revealed?

"What I have revealed is: ‘This is Suffering, this is the Arising of Suffering, this is the Cessation of Suffering, and this is the Path that leads to the Cessation of Suffering.’ And why, monks, have I revealed it?

"Because this is related to the goal, fundamental to the holy life, conduces to disenchantment, dispassion, cessation, tranquillity, higher knowledge, enlightenment and Nibbana, therefore I have revealed it.

“Therefore, monks, your task is to learn: ‘This is Suffering, this is the Arising of Suffering, this is the Cessation of Suffering, this is the Path that leads to the Cessation of Suffering.’ That is your task.”

– Simsapa sutta. Samyutta Nikaya, 56.31

rossum
 
Would you agree that Absolute Truth exists, but I’ll be darned if any human being has ever shown us what it is?
Absolute Truth may, or may not, exist. I am strongly inclined to the “does not exist” side but am willing to be convinced otherwise. I have certainly seen a lot of claims, but to date I have seen no convincing evidence or proof that it actually exists. I have found that ordinary relative truth is sufficient to work in the ordinary relative world we actually live in.

rossum
 
Whats the difference between perceptions and consciousness?
Perception is just the raw perception; pattern matching between previous (name removed by moderator)uts and current (name removed by moderator)uts. We see a familiar pattern and label it “horse”.

Consciousness is the immediate stuff we add internally to the raw perception: I like the horse, I will ignore the horse; I will feed the horse, I will ride the horse … etc. None of that is part of the horse, but is internally generated by ourselves and will drive our actions.

It is important for us to recognise what is actually the perception, and what are the various internal mental overlays that we ourselves add to the initial raw perception. Mistaking one for the other is an error which can lead to suffering.

rossum
 
Absolute Truth may, or may not, exist. I am strongly inclined to the “does not exist” side but am willing to be convinced otherwise. I have certainly seen a lot of claims, but to date I have seen no convincing evidence or proof that it actually exists. I have found that ordinary relative truth is sufficient to work in the ordinary relative world we actually live in.

rossum
This is a Catch 22 situation. Absolute Truth requires evidence that is acceptable to you, who are only capable of adjudicating relative truths (according to your own reasoning). All acceptable and, therefore, relative evidence will only prove relative truth, ergo you have eliminated the very possibility of proving Absolute Truth by your requirement for acceptable, that is: relative, evidence. You have eliminated Absolute Truth by a fiat of relative truth.

Contrary to your claim that you are “willing to be shown otherwise,” your posturing entails you have eliminated the very possibility of what you claim to be willing to entertain.
 
A human being consists of five parts: body/form, feelings, perceptions, impulses/habits and consciousness. All of these five change. What part of a human being, beyond these five can you point to. Does this further part change or not?
What you are missing is the soul or spirit, which never changes, but gives life to the material body. This is where our intellect, our free will and rational thought reside. You have created a false dilemma, however, by stating that outward changes in a being somehow indicate a change in the identity of that being. I have watched my parents age over time. Never have I wondered about who they were. They are the same person they were at conception. Their identity never changed. This is a grave error in Buddhist philosophy concerning the nature of human life.

If what you believe is true then you should probably start referring to yourself as the “poster formerly known as Rossum”. 😃
 
This is a Catch 22 situation. Absolute Truth requires evidence that is acceptable to you, who are only capable of adjudicating relative truths (according to your own reasoning). All acceptable and, therefore, relative evidence will only prove relative truth, ergo you have eliminated the very possibility of proving Absolute Truth by your requirement for acceptable, that is: relative, evidence. You have eliminated Absolute Truth by a fiat of relative truth.

Contrary to your claim that you are “willing to be shown otherwise,” your posturing entails you have eliminated the very possibility of what you claim to be willing to entertain.
I have not “eliminated the very possibility”. I am merely requiring that any proof of Absolute Truth itself be absolute. I am sure you would agree that a relatively true proof of an Absolute Truth could not be relied upon.

Strong claims require strong support. A claim to Absolute Truth requires Absolute support. Absent that, the claim cannot be Absolutely verified. It may, or may not be correct, but we are unable to tell.

I have not yet found any case where the difference is important. Working with relative truths is sufficient to function in the world. The difference between Absolute and relative truths does not appear to have any real effect. I do not really care if X is true for all of space-time; all I need to know here and now is if X is true here and now.

rossum
 
What you are missing is the soul or spirit, which never changes, but gives life to the material body.
Then you are denying the possibility of salvation. An unchanging soul cannot change from unsaved to saved (or vice versa). That may be good Calvinism, but I do not think it is in conformance with Catholic doctrine.
This is where our intellect, our free will and rational thought reside. You have created a false dilemma, however, by stating that outward changes in a being somehow indicate a change in the identity of that being.
If I remove all the five parts of a human, then there is nothing left apart from those five parts. If I start with a chain, and one by one remove each link of the chain, what is left after all of the links have been removed? That which is left is the chain’s “soul”: nothing. A soul does not exist, it is merely a reification of what we perceive, overlaid onto reality by our minds.
I have watched my parents age over time. Never have I wondered about who they were. They are the same person they were at conception.
No they are not the same. Their forms have changed, their feelings have changed, their perceptions have changed, their habits have changed and their consciousnesses have changed. What you see as a single entity is a chain of different entities, each causally connected to the next. Remove the individual links in the chain and there is no soul remaining.
Their identity never changed. This is a grave error in Buddhist philosophy concerning the nature of human life.
This is a grave error of the Abrahamic religions, and leads to much suffering. You are projecting an internal mental construct out onto the real world, where it has no real existence. The mismatch between your expectations and reality will only cause suffering.
If what you believe is true then you should probably start referring to yourself as the “poster formerly known as Rossum”. 😃
But I’m not particularly fond of the colour purple…

Q: What should Prince William have called his new son?

A: Artist?

Q: Why “Artist”?

A: Then he could change his name to “TPFKAA” - ba-dum tish!

rossum
 
I have not “eliminated the very possibility”.
Au contraire! You are engaged in the same act of “elimination” in the part of the post quoted below. I have highlighted the offending statements.

You require Absolute Proof for Absolute Truth, but given that you adamantly will not allow that humans can adjudicate Absolute Proof, it becomes a moot point since, according to you, humans could not possibly recognize Absolute Proof as Absolute, since humans can only muster relative proofs.

Even if Absolute Proof was brought forth, you simply would deny that it was Absolute on the pretext that as a human it is beyond your pay scale to even recognize such things.

What is the point of demanding what you have a priori ruled out as ineligible?
I am merely requiring that any proof of Absolute Truth itself be absolute. I am sure you would agree that a relatively true proof of an Absolute Truth could not be relied upon.

Strong claims require strong support. A claim to Absolute Truth requires Absolute support. Absent that, the claim cannot be Absolutely verified. It may, or may not be correct, but we are unable to tell.

rossum
If we “are unable to tell” whether proofs are absolute, what would be the point of “requiring” that proofs be absolute? In order to rule them ineligible because they are Absolute and therefore beyond our capacity to adjudge them as Absolute? Sounds like a mind game.

“Oh yes, I"ll accept Absolute Proofs so long as they are not Absolute Proofs because Those are not eligible to be Absolute Proofs.”

See my point, yet?
 
You require Absolute Proof for Absolute Truth, but given that you adamantly will not allow that humans can adjudicate Absolute Proof, it becomes a moot point since, according to you, humans could not possibly recognize Absolute Proof as Absolute, since humans can only muster relative proofs.
How is it possible to accept a non-absolute proof that a given truth is Absolute? The proof could not be relied on.

If you propose an Absolute Proof, then naturally you will need to prove that your proof itself is Absolute. 🙂

In order to get an Absolute result out of any logic chain, then you need at least one Absolute (name removed by moderator)ut into that logic chain. You cannot just conjure up the Absolute from nothing, you need an absolute starting point. Absent that, you will not be able to establish any Absolute. I do not deny that such an Absolute starting point may exist, but if it does it has not yet been found. Until it has been found I will remain sceptical of any claims to Absoluteness.

rossum
 
How is it possible to accept a non-absolute proof that a given truth is Absolute? The proof could not be relied on.

If you propose an Absolute Proof, then naturally you will need to prove that your proof itself is Absolute. 🙂

In order to get an Absolute result out of any logic chain, then you need at least one Absolute (name removed by moderator)ut into that logic chain. You cannot just conjure up the Absolute from nothing, you need an absolute starting point. Absent that, you will not be able to establish any Absolute. I do not deny that such an Absolute starting point may exist, but if it does it has not yet been found. Until it has been found I will remain sceptical of any claims to Absoluteness.

rossum
okay lets try this.

Jesus was perfect without sin. If a person is without sin their body will not rot in the ground. Jesus was perfect without sin, he died for OUR sins because he had none of his own.

That is absolute truth. The absolute truth was on the third day he rose again according to the scriptures. The absolute proof was millions testified to this. They saw he die and they saw him walk this earth again. And they saw his body Body and soul rise into the heavens.

So the absolute truth is Jesus is who he claimed and the absolute proof is he did what he said he would do.
 
Obama ran for President that is absolute truth. He not only ran for President he became President of the United States. The absolute Proof is he is the President of the United States as we speak.

You can deny that, we cannot stop you from denying it. But you are denying absolute truth backed up with absolute proof that you claim does not exist.🤷
 
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