The paper has been criticized and even to the point of retraction, for it is misleading and has mistakes. Also it had to be revised so the first version is no longer valid. For example, they did not mention a 2009 study that replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates is not beneficial but replacement with polyunsaturated fats is. (It contradicts their conclusions.)
ajcn.nutrition.org/content/89/5/1425.long Two important studies on omega-6 fatty acids were missed by the authors.
The study of this thread, concluded that get people eating unsaturated fats instead of animal fats is unfounded. It concluded (corrected version) that:
- Total saturated fat was not associated with coronary disease risk (in the 72 studies).
- People who report eating lots of polyunsaturated omega-3 fats have significantly less heart disease
- Trans fats were strongly and positively associated with risk of heart diseases.
annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1846638
Then the The British Heart Foundation said the advice that eating too much fat is harmful for the heart is unchanged.
Trans Fats
Trans fats are
partially hydrogenated (increases shelf life) and are commonly used in fast food, snack food, fried food, and baked goods.
Trans fats may be
produced when vegetable oils are used to fry food at very high temperatures such as take away foods.
Small amounts of naturally occurring
trans fats are in products, such as cheese, cream, also beef, lamb, mutton, and products made from them.
The FDA plans to officially ban trans fats.
news.sciencemag.org/health/2014/03/scientists-fix-errors-controversial-paper-about-saturated-fats