And a real life example is Fr. Mockaitis; the case is Mockaitis v. Harcleroad; the penitient (Hale) was in the Lane county jail as a suspect with a co-defendant Susbauer in the murder of three people. Hale had indicated an awareness that his phone and personal conversations were being taped. Hale had requested that Fr. Mockaitis visit him for the purpose of confession, and it occurred in the visiting area, by phone (the two were separated by a wall and glass). Apparently normal procedure was that all phone conversations were taped.
A search warrant was filed for the tape which was now in the District Attorney’s office, sealed and secured.
Hale was baptized, but not as a Catholic; Fr, Mockaitis was unaware that conversations (with the exception of one with an attorney) were recorded.
The search warrant was granted; objected to (objection denied), There were several hearings; the Church was rejected as not a party to the proceedings, and in a strange twist, the defendant requested that the tape not be destroyed, as possible evidence of his lack of guilt.
The Church took the case to Federal Court - in which the District Attorney agreed that the taping “falls within the zone of societally unacceptable conduct” (but did not agree to any legal justification to destroy the tape prior to its use at trial. The state case was a death penalty case.
On appeal from the denial in Federal Court, The court found that the Church (and the priesst and archbishop) had reason to believe that confessions would not be taped.and that their rites undere the RFRA and the 4th Amendment had been violated. While not demanding the deestruction of the Tape, the State was not allowed to use it, and while the Defendant could detail his confession, the priest could not be called (by either side) as a witness, either in person of by tape.
Hale was later convicted and sentenced to death. There have been no one executed since 1997 and there are 35 awaiting execution, subject to the moratorium.