Whether it’s absolute (whatever that means) or not, the omnipotence of God claimed by Catholics is well defined.
In Latin, the applicable part of the Nicene Creed reads “Credo in Deum Patrem omnipotentem . . . .” Omnipotentem is the Latin root for the English word “omnipotent.” The creed translated into English reads “we believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty . . . .” The Council of Nicaea was an ecumenical council, so what it teaches in this regard is absolutely binding on the consciences of all Catholics.
What you want to know is whether God being “almighty” means that he can do anything at all - even engage in a logical inconsistency such as creating a square circle. The Church clearly teaches that not even God can engage in logical contradiction.
Let’s suppose for a moment that God could create a square in physical space and at the same time create a circle in the same physical space. This would violate the law of non-contradiction. What this would mean is that God can create something that is a square and not a square at the same time and in the same sense. It would also mean that God creates a circle and not a circle at the same time and in the same sense. It would be true that he was creating a square, yet also false that he was creating a square. It would be true that he was creating a circle, yet also false that he was creating a circle. It would be a contradiction.
And most importantly, it would mean that God could create a state of affairs that is not true. He could create a state of affairs that is false.
Yet one of the attributes of God is that he is truth. The First Vatican Council teaches that:
“God cannot deny himself, nor can truth ever be in opposition to truth.”
piar.hu/councils/ecum20.h…20and%20reason
“we believe to be true what He has revealed,
· not because we perceive its intrinsic truth by the natural light of reason,
· but because of the authority of God himself, who makes the revelation and can neither deceive nor be deceived.”
piar.hu/councils/ecum20.h…3%20On%20faith
These are
de fide dogmatic statements of the Vatican council; the highest grade of theological certainty possible and something that all Catholics must believe.
Furthermore, St. Thomas Aquinas at length treats this question, and he concludes:
Code:
I answer that, All confess that God is omnipotent; but it seems difficult to explain in what His omnipotence precisely consists: for there may be doubt as to the precise meaning of the word 'all' when we say that God can do all things. If, however, we consider the matter aright, since power is said in reference to possible things, **this phrase, "God can do all things," is rightly understood to mean that God can do all things that are possible; and for this reason He is said to be omnipotent.**
newadvent.org/summa/1025.htm#article3 (Emphasis added).
**
It is not possible for God to engage in a contradiction. He is not able to engage in something that is not true, whether it be a creative act or otherwise**.