The Omnipotency Contradiction

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"PEPCIS:
We do have free will…and we don’t. "

On the other hand, man may have the will to jump as high as a 2 story building, but because he lacks the power to bring this about, he is not truly free - because he cannot “effectualize” his true desires.
Free will is the ability to choose. It is not the ability to “effectualize” one’s desire.
This is not “my” definition you’re disputing. I share it with many others. WordNet Search says that free will is “the power of making free choices unconstrained by external agencies.”

wiktionary calls free will, “The doctrine that human beings (and possibly other beings, such as angels or higher animals) are able to choose their actions without being caused to do so by external forces.”

The understanding in these definitions include the understanding that any outside influences (powers) which would cause your actions to be nullified or otherwise altered, would render your will less effective. This means that the agent must be able to not only perform his desires, but to overcome any external forces that might rise against his will.

In other words, the agent must not only be free in intellect and will, but must carry the power to effectualize the will. The agent has no will without power to effect his desires. He must also have the power to prevent other influences from altering his choices.

An example might be if my child of 5 years old might want to go out into the street to play, but he lacks the power and authority to make such an autonomous decision. He is not free to do as he chooses, regardless of how strongly he wills it to be so.

Another example would be a prisoner who is bound in chains and resides within a cell. His freedom is limited entirely to the limits of his imprisonment, and how far his captors will allow him to exercise such freedoms. He is not free to do as he chooses, regardless of how strongly he wills it to be so.
There are times when a free will choice will be blocked, e.g., when we are not able to jump higher than two feet high. The fact that our athletic abilities are limited does not limit or change our freedom to choose an unattainable goal.
Indeed. However, you only acknowledge that you do not have the power to effect your will, therefore your will is not “free will”, it is simply “will” with no “free” attached to it. If you were paraplegic, you could wish to jump all day long, yet your lifeless limbs would imprison your will and limit your actions.

If the will were limited to the functions of the mind, the body would never realize any actions. You certainly would have “will”, but it would not be free.

This is also classic/traditional Christian doctrine. The Bible teaches that man is totally incapable of choosing good, and that he is in desperate need of salvation. Without the aid of God reaching down and effecting man’s salvation, he would end up in hell.

The Bible teaches that man is BOUND by Satan, and even though he thinks himself a free agent, and that he could choose God on his own, he cannot. That is why Ephesians 2 says, “and he has made you alive, even while you were dead in your trespasses and sins. You used to walk according to Satan, and according to the course of this world.”

Here’s the “rub”: you are right to say that " The fact that our athletic abilities are limited does not limit or change our freedom to choose an unattainable goal." But all you can mean by this is that the will is not free. As soon as you combine the term “free” with “will”, you begin to express a totally different concept. “Free will” is not the same as “will.” Everyone has a will, but not are all equally free.
 
I want to follow up to my earlier response to your statements. The problem seems to be the difference between your idea of freedom and mine. A distinction can be made between free-will and being free (freedom). Free-will is the ability to make choices. How free a person is depends upon WHAT is chosen. Being completely free (freedom) means the ability to choose what is Good. To the degree we are unable to choose what is Good is the degree to which we are not truly free (ie - slaves to sin).
Free will is the union of two words, each with their own definition. “Will” means the mind’s expression of what would be “good” or “right” to do. Each person determines by their own will what is “good” or right."

“Free” means totally unfettered. “Free” is that attribute of our will which resides within us that gives our desires wings. All people have wills that have some measure of freedom - some more than others. But the greater the power to bring our will about, the greater our freedom is. Total power would translate into total freedom of our will. Only God has total freedom of the will, because only God has total power to translate his will into action, no matter what could stand in His way.
God is completely free because He is able to always choose the Good. According to your definition, God is able to choose contrary to the Good because of His free-will.
I think that maybe you might be looking at this from the perspective of man. Man, if given the same power as God, would surely choose evil at nearly every corner. God, being PERFECT in every way, would NEVER choose to do evil
 
This I know is TRUE:

A. God cannot will Himself to no longer exist.
B. God does have free-will.

I may not have the words yet to explain it, but I ABSOLUTELY know that A and B are NOT contradictory in the example above.
I am an eternal being. I, being made in the image of God, have been given eternal life, and have been born again into the kingdom of God. I could will myself to no longer exist, but I lack the power to bring that about. I cannot send my soul into non-existence.

I understand what you are saying, I truly do. But there are many ways to say the same thing, but not all of those statements would be logically the same. A can stand on its own as a statement of logic, and so could B. But when you put them together like this, they logically oppose each other. Therefore, one (or both) must be wrong.
 
I am an eternal being. I, being made in the image of God, have been given eternal life, and have been born again into the kingdom of God. I could will myself to no longer exist, but I lack the power to bring that about. I cannot send my soul into non-existence.

I understand what you are saying, I truly do. But there are many ways to say the same thing, but not all of those statements would be logically the same. A can stand on its own as a statement of logic, and so could B. But when you put them together like this, they logically oppose each other. Therefore, one (or both) must be wrong.
Being and freewill are not opposed. God cannot fail to exist because God is perfect. If God could fail to exist he would not be perfect. Thats not a matter of freedom; it is a matter of being. Gods freedom is perfect; and God cannot be perfectly free if God does not perfectly exist. His will and existence is one and the same, eternal and true. God is existence, therefore it is not an imposition on his will to exist. Freedom of choice is about morality not being. The freedom to exist or not exist not only contradicts Gods being, but has no bearing on the true object of freewill. The purpose of freewill for human beings is the freedom to freely choose moral perfection as a way of being. God is perfection and so his choice is morally perfect always and forever. Gods perfection is true and absolute freedom; so far as God is the fullfilment of freedom. God is freedom.
 
"PEPCIS:
God, being PERFECT in every way, would NEVER choose to do evil.
Not only that. It is impossible.
So you say. But that does not conform to logic. “Free will” and “a hindrance to will” are logically opposed and cannot stand together.

Of course, God COULD be as you say He is, but the Bible does not give us that kind of evidence. The only way that we can understand God is through the mind that he has given us, and the rules of logic that are associated with man. Outside of that, anything is possible, but unprovable.
 
Being and freewill are not opposed. God cannot fail to exist because God is perfect. If God could fail to exist he would not be perfect. Thats not a matter of freedom; it is a matter of being. Gods freedom is perfect; and God cannot be perfectly free if God does not perfectly exist. His will and existence is one and the same, eternal and true.
You make it sound as if God is a created being, and that His nature dictates his being. God is, of course, outside of His creation. His will is not bound to any power or action outside of His own.
God is existence, therefore it is not an imposition on his will to exist.
As I said, you are creating a “nature” for Him. We certainly agree that His realm is the eternal, but to say that “God is existence” is to attribute to Him a nature as a created being.
Freedom of choice is about morality not being.
Not quite. Willing myself to die, and bring that about is an immoral act. It would also be an immoral act for God - to remove God from His existence would jeapordize and destroy all His glory and the evidence for it in His creation. He freely chooses to live, just as you and I do.
The freedom to exist or not exist not only contradicts Gods being, but has no bearing on the true object of freewill. The purpose of freewill for human beings is the freedom to freely choose moral perfection as a way of being.
Then you completely get it wrong. Man could never choose goodness and perfection on His own. It requires God’s grace for man to perform any good in this world.
God is perfection and so his choice is morally perfect always and forever.
EXACTLY!!! He CHOOSES to do what is right.
 
(A) can stand on its own as a statement of logic, and so could (B). But when you put them together like this, they logically oppose each other. Therefore, one (or both) must be wrong.
I don’t agree with this statement. If A and B can each stand on their own, putting them together does NOT make one or both of them FALSE if they “appear” to logically oppose each other. Logic and words do not change reality. Reality stands on its own. The problem lies in our lack of understanding of the reality of A and B and how they can coexist. I do not think A and B together are mutually contradictory even though I do not yet have the words or logic to explain it.

(A) God cannot will Himself to NOT exist. (B) God does have a free-will. That free-will DOES have limitations according to the nature of God. It is God’s nature to EXIST. He cannot NOT exist. That does not change the reality that God has a free-will.

The reality of God’s nature (A) God is Good (B) God has free-will DOES NOT allow the possibility that God could if He willed it to do Evil. Evil as I explained earlier DOES NOT stand on its own. Evil is the negation, misuse, disease of the Good. God is ALL Good. God is NOT Good because He wills it. God’s nature is Goodness. Just as God’s nature is TO EXIST - God’s nature is GOODNESS as well. It is God’s essence. It is Himself. God’s nature TO EXIST and GOODNESS are one and the same. And just as God cannot will Himself to stop existing - God cannot will Himself to do evil. It is contrary to His nature.

God cannot misuse or disease Himself. How free-will comes into play and coexists with this - I don’t have the words yet to explain. I need to study up more on God’s free will and how that is in relationship to His Goodness.
 
quote="PEPCIS can stand on its own as a statement of logic, and so could (B). But when you put them together like this, they logically oppose each other. Therefore, one (or both) must be wrong.
I don’t agree with this statement. If A and B can each stand on their own, putting them together does NOT make one or both of them FALSE if they “appear” to logically oppose each other.
[/quote]

I think I understand where the confusion is. Let’s look at this a bit closer.

You stated:
A. God cannot will Himself to no longer exist.
B. God does have free-will.
Both are logical statements. However, a logical statement presumes that they are statements rooted in reality. If either of the statements is false, they will appear illogical when they are placed next to each other as you have done.

You might state the following: “God will live forever”

This is a “logical” statement, but it is also false, because God does not have “life” as we understand it in human terms. Therefore, that statement (that God will live forever) is not rooted in reality.

I agree with you 100% that God has free will. But I do not agree that God could NOT will himself to non-existence. This would not only mean that God’s will was limited, but that His power was limited as well.

Does God have the will to kill Himself? No. Does He have the free will to do so? Yes, His will is absolutely free, and He so exercises it to show forth His glory and majesty.
The reality of God’s nature (A) God is Good (B) God has free-will DOES NOT allow the possibility that God could if He willed it to do Evil.
If that is the case, then God does not express glory, because His glory is rooted in the fact that He CHOOSES to bestow goodness on His people. Not all people are the recipients of His particular goodness (compare Romans 9). God does exercise His free will for what He deems righteous.
 
You might state the following: “God will live forever”

This is a “logical” statement, but it is also false, because God does not have “life” as we understand it in human terms. Therefore, that statement (that God will live forever) is not rooted in reality.
I disagree with your conclusion. The statement “God will live forever” is rooted in reality and therefore logical. The problem with the statement is that it does NOT fully express the reality of God’s life. Just because a statement does NOT express the fullness of reality does NOT make it FALSE.
I agree with you 100% that God has free will. But I do not agree that God could NOT will himself to non-existence. This would not only mean that God’s will was limited, but that His power was limited as well.

Does God have the will to kill Himself? No. Does He have the free will to do so? Yes, His will is absolutely free …
Everyone including God is limited by reality. God’s reality is TO EXIST. It is not reality to say God could will Himself to cease His own existence. It is His nature TO EXIST (“I AM WHO AM”).

Yes - REALITY does have limitations. Non-reality has no limitations just as an author has the liberty to imagine anything they want when writing a fiction novel. In their novel anything goes even though it is not rooted in reality. God is rooted in reality because God is REALITY. God’s free-will cannot contradict Himself and His own reality. And whatever God wills to do according to His REALITY is Good. The whole human race will stand before the Lord one day and see His Goodness and Justice. No one will ever be able to bring a charge against God that something He did was evil and unjust.

I will say it again - God cannot NOT exist even though He has free-will. The same can be said of God’s Goodness and His free-will. God cannot do evil. It is contrary to His nature.

“When tempted, no one should say, ‘God is tempting me.’ For God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does he tempt anyone.” James 1:13
 
Wait, just a quick comment or maybe it’s a question:

Where does it say God CANNOT lie or sin? In all honesty, I think that God, being able omnipotent according to the OP’s definition of the word, certainly COULD sin or lie if He truly wanted to. But there are things that He WILL NOT DO. Minor nuance.

He WILL NOT sin and DOES NOT sin. He DOES NOT nor WILL NOT commit evil acts.

In considering the very nature of God, we have to look at ourselves a second and realize we are less than dust. How can we fathom what and who God is? Hence, the Incarnation to aid us!

This being said, I will take a very basic example. I will not ever jump out of an airplane. Nor will I ever kill anyone. I simply won’t. But I am certainly capable to. Nor will I like mushrooms or tuna. Because I don’t like mushrooms and tuna, I will not eat them. But I could develop a taste for them but why bother? It’s pointless.

Sin and evil are disorders. Why would a perfect God get involved with something disordered? It’s as unnatural to Him as it would for me to eat mushrooms or tuna, or to go to a Madonna concert.

I have a few other things to say but I remember an article I wrote once called, “Can an all-mighty God make a rock so big that even He cannot lift it?” The answer is YES. So is He still omnipotent. The answer is YES!!!

How? Think about it a second.
 
He WILL NOT sin and DOES NOT sin. He DOES NOT nor WILL NOT commit evil acts.

Sin and evil are disorders. Why would a perfect God get involved with something disordered? It’s as unnatural to Him as it would for me to eat mushrooms or tuna, or to go to a Madonna concert.

I have a few other things to say but I remember an article I wrote once called, “Can an all-mighty God make a rock so big that even He cannot lift it?” The answer is YES. So is He still omnipotent. The answer is YES!!!
I’m happy to hear you wouldn’t go to a Madonna concert LOL.😃
The question is could God do evil and commit sin if He wanted to?

Suppose I wanted to fly. I first think it and then try to actualize it with action (will). I can run and jump as much as I want, but because of my nature, my action (will) CANNOT actualize it. My ability to actualize is limited by my nature.

You propose that God could if He wanted WILL Himself to not exist because of His free-will. What God wills and what He is able to actualize is limited according to His own nature. God’s nature is to EXIST. It is an impossibility for God to cease to exist regardless of the reality that God has a free-will. I stand by the statement that God can only do what is according to His nature. He cannot contradict Himself.

The same holds true for God willing Himself to do evil. That would be a contradiction of God’s nature - God contradicting Himself.
 
You make it sound as if God is a created being, and that His nature dictates his being. God is, of course, outside of His creation. His will is not bound to any power or action outside of His own…
Your confuesion lies in your misconception that “existence” is synonomous with “creation”. Thats not what i said nor meant.

In any case, by your reckoning, God is nothing; since nothing can logically exist out side of “existing” or Existence. Neither can anything be higher. Therefore it follows logically that God cannot be less then or more then existence.
So far as God is concernd, creation is a different entity entirely; for creation is merely existing only because there is such a thing as “existence” and is dependent on the ultimate reality of things for its sustenance. God is that which makes it possible for something to exist. God is pure existence. Or rather, God is the “Ultimate Reality” through which and in which all possible realities come to be. Hence the term “**the universe came into **Existence”, Not, “the universe is existence”. Do you get it now?
As I said, you are creating a “nature” for Him. We certainly agree that His realm is the eternal, but to say that “God is existence” is to attribute to Him a nature as a created being…
No. I am merely describing the greatest thing God can be; and thus i am describing God. God is the greatest being. There is no such thing as God outside such a discription. He is the highest; and therefore he is that which brings things in to being–Gods being. In otherwords God is existence.
Not quite. Willing myself to die, and bring that about is an immoral act. It would also be an immoral act for God - to remove God from His existence would jeapordize and destroy all His glory and the evidence for it in His creation. He freely chooses to live, just as you and I do…
Why would it be immoral for God to not exist? If God doesn’t exist, then there is no such thing as Divine Moral Law.

God cannot possibly fail to exist. His is perfect. A perfect being can niether begin nor fail to exist; because God is Existence and Existence is perfect in all senses of the term.
Then you completely get it wrong. Man could never choose goodness and perfection on His own. It requires God’s grace for man to perform any good in this world.
I never said that man does not need the grace of God to be perfect. This is what i agree with. I said that man has the freedom to choose a life of perfection. Theres a logical difference.
EXACTLY!!! He CHOOSES to do what is right.
And he could never choose otherwise, for God is identical to his will, and if he did choose otherwise, he would fail to be “perfect” and therefore would not be God. A perfect being cannot possibly fail. There is no potency in Gods nature; there is no possibility of choosing wrong, becuase that is not God.

The idea that God could possibly fail to exist is a fallacy.
The idea that it is possible for God to choose evil is a fallacy.
God is good by Gods very nature of Being.
When we say God is love. We do not just mean that God is a being that loves perfectly, but rather God is love; God is perfection. There is no difference between the two natures.
Otherwise you are saying that there is something which is higher then God, that Gorvens God, which cannot possibily be so. That is not the God of the Bible. God is a moral lawgiver, not a moral law taker. Moral law originates in God and flows eternally from God.
 
I’m happy to hear you wouldn’t go to a Madonna concert LOL.😃
The question is could God do evil and commit sin if He wanted to?

Suppose I wanted to fly. I first think it and then try to actualize it with action (will). I can run and jump as much as I want, but because of my nature, my action (will) CANNOT actualize it. My ability to actualize is limited by my nature.
**
*** So what does this have to do with God? You’re comparing apples and oranges.**

You propose that God could if He wanted WILL Himself to not exist because of His free-will.

****** I never said this. But what would be the problem? God could will anything not to exist… even Himself but He won’t. Just as it would contradict my nature to stab someone or shoot someone, or go to a Madonna concert, God won’t do pointless things like that. You’re putting God’s mind and will into human terms that your simple human mind cannot even fathom.**

What God wills and what He is able to actualize is limited according to His own nature.

********* Is this scriptural? ******

God’s nature is to EXIST. It is an impossibility for God to cease to exist regardless of the reality that God has a free-will. I stand by the statement that God can only do what is according to His nature. He cannot contradict Himself.
**
********* Again, you’re making statements that don’t have much foundation one way or another. God made the rules of the universe. He can easily scrap it all if He so chooses. Why not? Because it’s not His nature… MEANING, He’s not capricious so He sticks to His WORD.****

The same holds true for God willing Himself to do evil. That would be a contradiction of God’s nature - God contradicting Himself.

*] You are still making God out to be a human. He’s not. God will not contradict Himself, HENCE He does no evil. But He does no evil because it’s not in His nature to do so just as it’s not in my nature to murder or eat mushrooms. God doesn’t ponder these things because He’s perfect and a genius. He KNOWS the consequences of sin and evil – which have no origin in Him anyway – in ways we humans don’t or at least we don’t want to admit. So why would He even entertain such a thought?

In the Incarnation of Jesus Christ, God the Son experienced temptation and actually showed God’s perfection in a greater way. Maybe the Incarnation made God even MORE perfect if such a thing would be possible, because Jesus Christ could have sinned but didn’t… proving that God COULD take flesh (to deny that sounds like a Muslim who cannot fathom God becoming man), “emptying Himself” and be tempted in every way and yet overcome it.

 
MindOverMatter - I totally agree with everything you said. I especially like your statement at the end of your post:

“If God doesn’t exist…then reality is completely insane”. That is exactly what drove me to ask God if He existed and God definitely answered my prayer. It has turned my life upside down and inside out.

Sometimes I will just sit and ponder the idea of God not existing. That totally blows my mind. If God did not exist, nothing could exist. The very fact of existence is so awesome … and that God who needs nothing actually wanted and willed you and me.

“Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit, as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end … .Amen”
 
But He does no evil because it’s not in His nature to do so just as it’s not in my nature to murder …
O but it is in your nature and mine to murder because we are sinners. “Therefore I go but by the grace of God.” You and I are capable of anything under the sun because of our fallen sinful nature and free-will. One venial sin can lead to another … which can lead to another …etc … etc … etc …

Once we have been totally purified from sin (totally holy) and Holy as God is Holy, it will be an impossibility in heaven to sin. And yes - in Heaven we will still have free-will. Our nature will be such that we will not be able to sin even though we have a free-will … just as I have a free-will now and cannot fly because of my human nature. Our nature defines what we can and cannot do according to the use of our free-will.

I still stand behind the statement that God cannot do evil because it is NOT in His nature.
 
And he could never choose otherwise, for God is identical to his will, and if he did choose otherwise, he would fail to be “perfect” and therefore would not be God. A perfect being cannot possibly fail. There is no potency in Gods nature; there is no possibility of choosing wrong, becuase that is not God.

The idea that God could possibly fail to exist is a fallacy.
The idea that it is possible for God to choose evil is a fallacy.

God is good by Gods very nature of Being. When we say God is love. We do not just mean that God is a being that loves perfectly, but rather God is love; God is perfection. There is no difference between the two natures.
I think you hit the nail right on the head. God’s free will does not mean that God could will Himself NOT to exist if He wanted to. His free-will and His existence are one and the same.

By the way, you made a comment that “there is no difference between the two natures” when referring to God’s love and perfection. There is only ONE divine nature which these characteristics of God can be described.
 
There is only ONE divine nature which these characteristics of God can be described.
You are aboslutely correct.👍 I didn’t mean to imply that they were two. I often compartmentalise things in order to create a device or method to describe them. However I see the error of my writing method.
I only spoke of them as two “conceptually”, and i did this in order to demonstrate that they are actually one and the same being; emphasizing this fact by saying that there is no difference between the two. Meaning that they’re are the same. But perhaps i should have left out the word “natures”.

Apoligies; i can be a bit destructive with words sometimes.🙂

Peace.
 
God could will anything not to exist… even Himself but He won’t.
There is only one difference between what you and I think. You say God WON’T whereas I say God CAN’T. This does not diminish God’s Omnipotence.

St. Thomas Aquinas in the Summa Theologica talks about God’s Omnipotence:

"I answer that, All confess that God is omnipotent; but it seems difficult to explain in what His omnipotence precisely consists: for there may be doubt as to the precise meaning of the word ‘all’ when we say that God can do all things. If, however, we consider the matter aright, since power is said in reference to possible things, this phrase, “God can do all things,” is rightly understood to mean that God can do all things that are possible; and for this reason He is said to be omnipotent.

It remains therefore, that God is called omnipotent because He can do all things that are possible absolutely; which is the second way of saying a thing is possible. For a thing is said to be possible or impossible absolutely, according to the relation in which the very terms stand to one another, possible if the predicate is not incompatible with the subject, as that Socrates sits; and absolutely impossible when the predicate is altogether incompatible with the subject, as, for instance, that a man is a donkey.

The divine existence, however, upon which the nature of power in God is founded, is infinite, and is not limited to any genus of being; but possesses within itself the perfection of all being. Whence, whatsoever has or can have the nature of being, is numbered among the absolutely possible things, in respect of which God is called omnipotent. Now nothing is opposed to the idea of being except non-being. Therefore, that which implies being and non-being at the same time is repugnant to the idea of an absolutely possible thing, within the scope of the divine omnipotence. For such cannot come under the divine omnipotence, not because of any defect in the power of God, but because it has not the nature of a feasible or possible thing.

**Therefore, everything that does not imply a contradiction in terms, is numbered amongst those possible things, in respect of which God is called omnipotent: whereas whatever implies contradiction does not come within the scope of divine omnipotence, because it cannot have the aspect of possibility. **

Hence it is better to say that such things cannot be done, than that God cannot do them. Nor is this contrary to the word of the angel, saying: “No word shall be impossible with God.” For whatever implies a contradiction cannot be a word, because no intellect can possibly conceive such a thing. "

newadvent.org/summa/1025.htm

By the way, I don’t mean to diminish anything you have said. I think its great you are even pondering this issue. I’m not sure most people do.
 
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