That is not an acceptable definition. Evil is a conscious, willful, malevolent action. According to your definition, an excess of rain which would kill a cactus is “evil”, or a predatory animal killing its prey would be “evil”.
Are you suggesting that a rain cloud has a conscious, willful intention to kill a cactus? Is the raincloud guilty of murder? And are you suggesting that a predatory animal who kills and eats its prey is guilty of murder? The examples you site come under the whole “law of nature” idea, and therefore outside of moral law. Death is not always the result of murder. The law of nature is not dealing with people who have the knowledge of good and evil and the ability to choose evil.
But this does not explain anything. I will give you two solutions.
- Humans could have been created without having the ability to perform “evil acts”. They would have free will within their boundaries (whatever is possible for them) as you stipulated. And thus they would be humans with free will and no evil actions.
This is not a solution because there is no true freedom. It is still a type of enslavement. If a parent told his children they were free to go anywhere in the world they wanted, but kept them locked within the house, they are not truly free but enslaved. The promise of freedom is a lie.
Our relationship with God, as I have stated, is a relationship of love. When we choose to do good, we likewise choose to love God. When we choose to do evil, we likewise choose not to love God. God cannot prohibit our ability to choose evil without removing our freedom to love him or reject him. If God created us without the ability to perform evil acts then that would be the same thing as in my example from Post #11 of a man giving a woman a love potion. True love cannot result in such a situation because the lover robbed the beloved the freedom to accept or reject him. True love must be offered as a gift, it cannot be forced.
- Also they could have been created with the freedom to perform evil acts, if they wanted to, but they would not want to do so. Just look at those people who are “saints” (or simply very good people), who may not be “perfect”, but who would never want (or wish or will) to perform “evil” acts - even though they could imagine them and would be physically able to perform them. Catholics explicitly assert that Mary was fully human with free will and never performed an “evil” act. Therefore there is no logical contradiction between being human, having free will and not performing evil actions.
Everyone is subjected to the temptation to sin, and temptation is rooted in desire (otherwise the temptation would not be tempting, which is a contradiction in terms). Regardless of the saints’ righteous dispositions, they still became saints based on the choices they made, choosing good over evil. They still experienced temptation (even
Jesus experienced temptation). Therefore, they did not become saints because God lessened or removed their desire to commit sin. Furthermore, I direct you to what I stated in Post #4, which I will reprint here in purple text:
God intends that this universe be a moral universe. It is a place where he guides, nourishes and empowers people to be champions of virtue. It is through grappling with the temptation to sin, and choosing not to, that a person grows in virtue. No one can be a great saint unless there is the possibility of being a great sinner instead. And whereas there are those who use their freewill to make righteous choices and become champions of virtue, there are those who use their freewill to make evil choices.
In your example, there is no capacity for someone to be a true champion of virtue.
To be precise here: from the existence of free will the potential of evil follows logically, but the actuality of evil does not follow. As I said, free will does not explain the existence of evil, and never will.
I will agree that ultimately the problem of evil is a mystery, and only God fully understands what is going on here. But I reject the notion that the answer from our end of things does not stem from freewill. As I have stated before, when we examine the existence of evil, the first thing to note is that evil has no true existence. Neither does darkness (it only exists as the absence of light) or cold (it only exists as the absence of heat). In light of this, it is impossible to define evil without a reference to goodness, it is impossible to define darkness without a reference to light, and it is impossible to define cold without a reference to heat. The reverse, however, is not true. In other words, one *can * define goodness without referring to evil, light without referring to darkness, and heat without referring to cold.
Because of this, evil comes from the deprivation or the perversion of that which is good. Because evil has no substantial existence of its own, it results from actions of something that does. And because evil is a consideration of morality rather than “the law of nature”, the existing “something” which causes evil must be an entity possessing the capacity to know right from wrong. Moreover, the capacity to know right from wrong is coupled with the ability to choose and act upon this knowledge (i.e., to
do right or wrong). If no one is able to perform an evil act (regardless of the reason why), then evil cannot exist. Therefore, the presence of evil has to stem from people acting upon their freewill at some point to enact evil.