Hi Beth!
Again, please forgive my typos and other mistakes in this and the following posts.
“[Emeritus] cannot have salvation, except in the Catholic Church. Outside the Catholic Church he can have everything except salvation. He can have honor, he can have Sacraments, he can sing alleluia, he can answer amen, he can possess the gospel, he can have and preach faith in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit; but never except in the Catholic Church will he be able to find salvation” (
Sermo ad Caesariensis Ecclesiae Plebem, translation taken from Jurgens,
The Faith of the Early Fathers).
There were many heresies in the early church. We call them Manichees, Donatists, Pelagians, Arians, Valentinians, Montanists, Tertullianists, Ebionites, Marcionites, etc. and we miss the fact that these are the Christians of the early church who had broken unity with the Catholic Christian Church. Since the reformation of the 16th century, we have Presbyterians, Lutherans, Baptists, Pentecostals, Seventh Day Adventists, Mormons, Amish, Mennonites, Anglicans, Jehovah’s Witnesses, etc. and they are called Christians, or call themselves Christians, in our own day.
In the quote above, Augustine was talking about membership in the
Catholic Church specifically. For example, in writing a response to a Rogatist (another sect of Christians who themselves had separated from the sect known as the Donatists), he says to Vincentius, “I have received a letter which I believe to be from you to me: at least I have not thought this incredible, for the person who brought it is one whom I know to be a
Catholic Christian.” In the same letter, he refers to the Roman “emperors, especially those who are
Catholic Christians” (
Letter 93). He tells us that the heretics also call themselves “Christian” as when writing against the Manichean he mentions “the name of Christian, in which you [Faustus] also glory” (
Contra Faustum, Bk. 12, No. 24). And so we see Augustine distinguishing between Christians who are Catholic and Christians who are not.