Dear severus68,
Cordial greetings and a very good day. Hope all is well.
The Church, dear sister, has always and consistently taught that the wife was subject to the authority of her husband and must obey him as the Church obeys Christ, assuming, of course, that the husbands demands are just and moral (see Arcanum by Leo XIII and Casti Connubii by Pius XI). Moreover, this teaching has not been officially abrogated or declared invalid on account of its age and is therefore still authoritative for Catholics today.
In his encyclical Arcanum, on Christian marriage, Leo XIII forcefully and clearly restated the traditional teaching:
"The husband is the chief of the family and the head of the wife. The woman, because she is flesh of his flesh, and bone of his bone, must be subject to her husband and obey him; not, indeed, as a servant, but as a companion, so that her obedience shall be wanting in neither honour nor dignity. Since the husband represents Christ, and since the wife represents the Church, let there always be, both in him who commands and her who obeys, a heaven born love guiding both in their resepective duties. For “the husband is head of the wife; as Christ is head of the Church…Therefore, *as the Church is subject to *Christ, so also let wives be to their own husbands in all things”.
Please observe first, dear sister, that in Mulieris Dignitatem, frequently appealed to nowadays in equality debates, H.H.JPII presents his teaching as a personal “meditation” (“And it seems that the best thing is to give this the style and character of a meditation”, his own emphasis). Now the level and binding nature of this “meditation” is far from apparent and can hardly be said to portray definitive teaching which no man can question.
Pope Leo XIII emphasized precisely the point that Ephesians 5: 22-23 - which is to say, God Himself - teaches, that subjection is required not “only on the part of the Church” to Christ, as H.H.JPII asserts, but also on the part of the wife to her husband, because in the order of familial authority the husband represents Christ and the wife represents the Church, as Pope Leo taught explicity in the above cited passage. You will note, dear sister, that H.H.JPII quotes only from the beginning of the key sentence from Ephesians - "For the husband is the head of the wife, omitting the conclusion: “as Christ is head of the Church”.
Indeed, I fail to see how any authority could exist any more in the family than in Holy Mother Church if there were a “mutual subjection” and no ruler-subject relationship between the spouses. This whole “mutual subjection” notion, so much spoken of nowadays, is surely a conundrum, since you cannot have a subject without a ruler, nor a ruler without a subject, and neither the Church nor the family can have two heads.
H.H.JPII suggests that St. Paul’s teaching is but “a way of speaking” arising from “the customs and religious tradition of the time”. By way of reply, it must be said that the “religious tradition” of the time was Christianity. Moreover, dear sister, does not St. Paul mean exactly what his words signify, and what both Pope Leo XIII and Pope XI both affirmed they signify, that is to say that the wife is subject to the husband as the Church is subject to Christ? Sorry, but that seems as clear as the sun at noonday, even though it may not sit comfortably with the secular world view of today, informed by a radical and profane feminist ideology. Are the Catholic faithful to conclude, then, that God dictated His revelation of the divinely ordained constitution of the family in language that was culturally determined and required ‘unpacking’ by historical-critical exegesis, and that Pope Leo and Pope Pius and all of their predecessors at the Vatican misinterpreted the Epistle to the Ephesians by reading it too literally? One sincerely hopes not, for that is the sort of thing that one associates with liberal Protestantism - I know this from sad experience as a former member of the Church of England. Once you adopt this approach, you run into all kinds of problems. For example, what of St. Paul’s teaching on homosexual deviant acts and, for that matter, all the other ‘hard sayings’ of the N.T.? Were these similarly ways of speaking that should be now understood in some different sense? That, I am quite certain, is not what H.H.JPII intended and neither should we intend such, but it is imperative, dear sister, that we take the entire sweep of Catholic Tradition (the old and the new) to arrive at an authentically balanced perspective of Catholic doctrine.
God bless.
Warmest good wishes,
Portrait
Pax