B]John 6:53-54
Jesus said to them, "Amen, amen, I say to you, unless you eat (phago) the flesh (sarx) of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you do not have life within you. Whoever eats (trogo) my flesh (sarx) and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him on the last day.
phago
1.to eat
2.to eat (consume) a thing
a.to take food, eat a meal
b.metaph. to devour, consume
Would anyone claim that phago in any of these uses is not a literal eating as opposed to a metaphorical “consumption”??? Remember of the two definitions of phago, the first means to eat as in “I ate lunch” and the second means “to consume” with the first sub definition (a) being a literal eating of food. Only the second sub definition (b) means to metaphorically consume something. So we must recognize that the primary definitions are to be presumed in all cases except where they can be shown to obviously not be the case. Having noted that, we can proceed to the verses of controversy between historic sacramental Christianity and anti-historical, anti-sacramental Christianity. Here are the verses in dispute
sarx
- flesh (the soft substance of the living body, which covers the bones and is permeated with blood) of both man and beasts
- the body
a) the body of a man
Trogo
- to gnaw, crunch, chew raw vegetables or fruits (as nuts, almonds)
a) of animals feeding
b) of men
- to eat
The first thing that one who looks closely at the above definitions is that none of these definitions is metaphorical at all. (They are instead literal renderings.) The primary definition is to crunch or chew, which is about as literal as you can get. From the actions of the Jews after Our Lord spoke the passages in John 6:54-58, it seems that we can determine what the intended meaning was and it was clearly the primary definition. For if it was otherwise, the reactions of the crowd would not make sense.
The Jews understood Our Lord to be speaking literally.
His disciples understood Our Lord to be speaking literally.
Despite their incredulity, Jesus keeps emphasizing it without ever telling them that he was speaking figuratively. If a non-literal meaning was intended, it would be illogical to keep re-emphasizing it with greater force throughout the discourse as Our Lord did.
The change in verbs from phago (which generally means to eat literally) is later replaced with trogo which is a much more explicit verb (denoting a gnawing or crunching) would only make sense if it was emphasizing a literal meaning. Otherwise, Our Lord the greatest teacher this world has ever and will ever know really blew it big time here in explaining Himself clearly and unambiguously.
The crowds left Our Lord and he never corrected their misunderstanding if it was a misunderstanding (as he did in every instance where his parables were misunderstood). Therefore it must not have been a misunderstanding except in terms of HOW Our Lord would give them His flesh to eat as “food indeed.”
The Apostles themselves understood Our Lord to be speaking literally. (Indeed the text makes it clear that they were dumbfounded.)
from
Matt1618