Dear brother Joe,
Permit me to explain Trent to demonstrate that it is consistent with the modern explanation that clmowry provided.
2:If any one asserts, that the prevarication of Adam injured himself alone, and not his posterity; and that the holiness and justice, received of God, which he lost, he lost for himself alone, and not for us also; or that he, being defiled by the sin of disobedience, has only transfused death, and pains of the body, into the whole human race, but not sin also, which is the death of the soul;** let him be anathema**…
This very excerpt provides the answer. In this Canon, “
sin” is specifically defined as “
the death of the soul.” In other Catholic jargon, that is otherwise known as “separation from God.” So all that this Canon is saying is that the state of being seperated from God is passed down to the descendants of Adam. The EO don’t deny this, do they?
- If any one denies, that infants, newly born from their mothers’ wombs, even though they be sprung from baptized parents, are to be baptized; or says that they are baptized indeed for the remission of sins, but that they derive nothing of original sin from Adam, which has need of being expiated by the laver of regeneration for the obtaining life everlasting…
Remember the definition provided in the previous Canon. What newborn infants derive from Adam is simply the state of separation from God. The EO don’t deny this, do they?
- If any one denies, that, by the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, which is conferred in baptism, the guilt of original sin is remitted; or even asserts that the whole of that which has the true and proper nature of sin is not taken away; but says that it is only rased, or not imputed; let him be anathema…[/INDENT]
This is perhaps the most misused text by non-Catholic apologists on this matter.
The most important thing to note from this Canon is that it does not say we inherit guilt from Adam. In fact, it doesn’t talk about inheritance
at all in this Canon (though the other Canons do so), does it? No. It only talks about a “guilt of original sin.”
Before I go on, let me explain the concept of “guilt” as expressed in this canon. The original Latin word for “guilt” in this Canon is
reus. The Latin word that we English-speaking folks usually call “guilt” is not the Latin
reus, but rather the Latin word
culpa.
Culpa is the word that refers to guilt associated with a specific act. A more descriptive translation would be “blame.” But, as noted, Canon 5 that you quoted above does not use the word
culpa, but rather the word
reus.
Reus is a state of being in debt. It is not blame for a particular act.
What is this debt? Well, we first have to understand what is the cause of our inherited separation from God. The cause of this separation is
the loss of Original Holiness and Original Justice. These were lost by our first parents and we have inherited this loss. We are each born with this personal state of loss. And it is this personal state of loss by which we each incur a personal debt to God. But who can pay this debt? None other than Jesus Christ!!!
So what are these canons actually saying, according to Catholic teaching, and not according to non-Catholic misconceptions?
- We inherit Original Sin - that is, the state of separation from God - from Adam. We do not inherit Adam’s sin.
- This personal state of separation incurs a personal state of debt (or “guilt”). We do not inherit guilt - muc, much less Adam’s guilt.
- This Original Sin is washed away by the Sacrament of Baptism, whereby we recover the Graces of Original Holiness and Original Justice lost by our first parents and thus satisfy the debt/guilt of Original Sin.
Also at least several of your fellow Catholics on this thread seem to have the impression that unbaptized infants receive “punishment” from God. What would God have to punish them for if they are not guilty of something?
This idea of unbaptized infants receiving punishment has always been debated by the Church since the time of Augustine. It’s never been settled. Don’t let such things disturb you, brother. They are just opinions.
I hope that helps.
Blessings,
Marduk