How does Marian devotion save?

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Their identity as either sheep or goats.Yes, this is true. But may I ask you, did Paul do works before he was saved or after? Before he became one of Christ’s sheep, or after? You see, those works of compassion were the result of their being “sheep.” Only the saved, “by grace through faith” are considered His sheep, and He knows them.There is no judgment going on in that passage. Only a separation of sheep and goats. They’re not being “judged” as sheep or goats. He separates them accordingly. They were either"sheep" or “goats” prior to His arrival and their separation.
This is exactly the point I was trying to make. If we have true faith, we will do works out of faith. If we say we have faith, yet do nothing, it will be noticed by God. Same goes if we say we have faith, but do works that are not born of that faith, only do works to make us appear to be good, or better then others, that will also be noticed.
 
But may I ask you, did Paul do works before he was saved or after? Before he became one of Christ’s sheep, or after?
Paul was never sure of his own salvation. He always used “I hope” when talking about his own salvation until he knew that his own death was upon him. At that time, he knew he had “preserver-ed till the end [in faith]” and “ran the good race” and knew that salvation was his.
 
Based on this statement it’s you who have the identity crisis, Tom. You cannot, positively, identify yourself as a child of God and heir to heaven, since, in your own words: “I will not know it until the split second after I die.” The reason for this is because in Catholicism there is no concept of “saved.” In this life you cannot truly identify yourself as one of His sheep. That’s because according to it (Catholicism) your future salvation is based on your present performance. Not through personal faith in Christ’s, once for all, historic performance.
Tom, I ask that you clarify what you mean here about how you won’t know until the minute you die.

I know, as of this moment, I would be saved (it is a heart condition and I know where my heart is). I also know that since Our Lord has gifted me with freewill and there is also the temptation of the enemy to contend with, I could turn my back on God at any minute. If I die in that state, I do not feel that my salvation is guaranteed.
Salvation is based on preserving in faith until the end. I honestly don’t understand how anyone can think that just because they have accepted Christ and been baptized that nothing they do could ever break that bond. If it could never be broken, why would Satan even continue to bother tempting us since we are already a part of God’s eternal kingdom? There is no gain in it for him, his time would be better spent keeping people from ever coming to God. Sure, God is merciful and just, but we have to be willing to accept that forgiveness and truly repentant.
 
his time would be better spent keeping people from ever coming to God.
And that’s exactly what he is doing, especially amongst the religious.

But Paul instructs the true believer to “put on the full armor of God” and that “our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the powers, against the world forces of this darkness, against the spiritual {forces} of wickedness in the heavenly {places.}” And that “even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light.” So, contrary to you, Paul teaches us that Satan and his demonic forces don’t waste their time attacking the eternally saved. His scheme is to try to keep them so bound up and burdened down with personal guilt that they’re no longer a viable testimony to the infinite grace of God through personal faith in the Person and finished work of the incarnate Son. The gospel is lost in such weakness.

But this won’t happen to the true believer who has put on “the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God,” having a dedicated life to growing "in the GRACE and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ (through the Scriptures), so that “to Him {be} the glory, both now and to the day of eternity. Amen” (2 Pet. 3;18).

IOW, the mature, true believer is ever Christ centered, not self-centered (see Gal. 2:20).Heb 13:9Do not be carried away by varied and strange teachings; for it is good for the heart to be strengthened by grace,…
 
One’s salvation is not based on one’s eschatological beliefs.
Hang on - one group clearly believes error and the other truth, since both positions cannot be true.

One group, the one believing error, cannot possibly be of God, since God IS truth and one who is of Him would not believe something that is wrong or false - or at least would not be left to die persevering in that wrong or false belief.

So clearly one of the groups, not being of God, cannot possibly be saved, correct? Either you belive in God and therefore are led to the truth and saved, or you are the contrary.

So yes, your eschatological beliefs must surely reveal a great deal about your salvation, and your salvation IS indicated by whether or not you hold the correct beliefs.

So a) what ARE the correct beliefs (presumably yours - and if you don’t have a position you have no truth in you) and b) how do you KNOW you have the correct beliefs?
As for authority, it rests in the Scriptures themselves. Always has.
Rot. The New Testament wasn’t written for decades after Christ’s death. Authority existed before scripture was complete. Indeed, it existed before a word of it was written. Did Noah and Abraham and Jacob not have authority, even though they lived hundreds if not thousands of years before Moses wrote down their stories?
 
moon,
i by my own interpretation of scripture using context and original language have concluded that
  1. there is no trinity, only the absolute unity of God as the Jews believe
  2. the writings of paul are heretical.
  3. the idea that God changed the day for corporate worship to sunday is also heretical
  4. unless you follow the laws of YHWH as given through moses, you can not be a true follower of Jesus.
whats more, anyone who disagrees with me is hell bound. because this is what scripture teaches. and, I can also point you too plenty of PHDs, and insanely smart ppl who aggree with numbers 1-4 and my interpretation.

you tell me who is right? me or you.​

2 guys, both presumably love God, desire to serve God, and desire to rightly divide scripture using scripture and plain simple logic both are using the exact same versions… yet each one arrives at a completely opposite interpretation, so different that we mean one has the true gospel, one has a false gospel- that diametrically opposed. who is right? same bible, same desire, same intent, same knowledge of scripture, same fluency in Hebrew, Greek, and Aramaic.​

see moon, just because you can read scripture- which is a good thing, doesnt mean that God intends you to be the interpreter of it. Just because im a dude doesnt mean i should be a priest, theres a whole list of things that i can do, but i shouldnt do, because thats not my position.
Quite simple, my friend. Here’s the difference between the two you describe:1 Cor 2:12-13 "Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, so that we may know the things freely given to us by God, which things we also speak, not in words taught by human wisdom, but in those taught by the Spirit, combining spiritual {thoughts} with spiritual {words.}

1 Cor 2:14 "But a natural man does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him; and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually appraised."The spiritual condition of a man makes all the difference, S.V. The natural man cannot understand the Scriptures, nor any of the things of the Spirit of God, who inspired the Holy Writ.“But we have the mind of Christ.
 
Hang on - one group clearly believes error and the other truth, since both positions cannot be true.

One group, the one believing error, cannot possibly be of God, since God IS truth and one who is of Him would not believe something that is wrong or false - or at least would not be left to die persevering in that wrong or false belief.

So clearly one of the groups, not being of God, cannot possibly be saved, correct?
Incorrect. One is not saved based on his eschatological beliefs. One is saved based on his soteriological beliefs. What he believes concerning Christ and salvation.
So yes, your eschatological beliefs must surely reveal a great deal about your salvation,
One’s eschatological beliefs reveal how one interprets the prophetic Scriptures, but not his salvation.
and your salvation IS indicated by whether or not you hold the correct beliefs.
Yes, the correct beliefs concerning Christ.
Rot. The New Testament wasn’t written for decades after Christ’s death.
The O.T. prophetic Scriptures literally describe an earthly kingdom ruled by the Messiah in righteousness and peace - not heaven. These Scriptures were finished 400 years before Christ. As for the N.T. Scriptures, they were ALL written within the first century.
Did Noah and Abraham and Jacob not have authority, even though they lived hundreds if not thousands of years before Moses wrote down their stories?
What “authority” are you talking about? You and I know nothing of these men except what is recorded of them in the theopneustos Scriptures. They’re there because they each served a definite purpose in salvation history. What the Jews were to know concerning the expectant Messiah was preserved in Scripture for all generations prior to His coming; likewise, what we’re to know concerning the Messiah and the salvation he wrought two thousand years ago through His sacrificial death was preserved in Scripture for all subsequent generations. As well as His expectant return and the future, glorious, Millennial Kingdom He’ll set up at that time on this present earth.
 
Incorrect. One is not saved based on his eschatological beliefs. One is saved based on his soteriological beliefs. What he believes concerning Christ and salvation.One’s eschatological beliefs reveal how one interprets the prophetic Scriptures, but not his salvation.Yes, the correct beliefs concerning Christ.The O.T. prophetic Scriptures literally describe an earthly kingdom ruled by the Messiah in righteousness and peace - not heaven.
I’m sorry - beliefs about the afterlife, beliefs about what CHRIST will do pre- or post- or during the Last Judgement - beliefs about whether CHRIST will take us off of this earth and put us somewhere else or establish HIS Kingdom on this planet - these all ARE beliefs about Christ!!! Being beliefs about Christ, then, how are they dispensable?

I’ll put it further - how is belief in any single word of scripture dispensable? Did Christ, the Father or the Holy Spirit expend any sentence on mere hot air? Surely every word of scripture must be believed in for our salvation. That includes the many words (in Revelation at least) that concern eschatology!!!

Or do you think we can just chuck everything post-Gospels out of scripture? Acts, for example, is as much about what the Apostles DID as what they believed about Christ. And the Epistles equally guide as much about BEHAVIOUR as about correct belief - not just about Christ, mind you, but about the afterlife as well!!!

You claim scripture shows that Christ will establish an earthly kingdom - why, such a belief being in scripture, is that NOT something essential to know for our salvation? Why would God waste His breath on non-essentials? Did not John himself state that scripture was written expressly to tell us those things that are necessary for our salvation? INCLUDING the behaviour that is necessary and the eschatological beliefs that are required?

Beliefs about Christ, and about salvation? Hmmm. The doctrine of the Trinity is not a belief about Christ (it’s a whole lot more than that) nor a belief about salvation. Rather it is a belief about the nature of God - and a belief that there are three persons, Christ being only one of them, in the Godhead.

Thus, according to your logic, belief in the Trinity (or at least in the persons of the Father and the Holy Spirit) is dispensable and unnecessary, since they are not Christ and belief in them is not belief in Christ. After all, Jews believe in both the Father and the Holy Spirit, do they not? Yet they do not believe in Christ.

Beliefs about salvation? Most of the Ten Commandments aren’t about salvation, rather they are about how we are to treat each other. The Beatitudes aren’t about salvation, rather about how we are to treat each other. The parable of the Good Samaritan isn’t about salvation, but how we are to act towards our neighbour. Clearly these are also matters that are important enough that God guides us directly about them. Why not also on matters like the afterlife?
 
I never said “the Catholic Church” was the true church (or the “Orthodox”). So how could I ever say it “ceased to be the true Church.” I did say on this thread, however, that the true church which Christ has been building since Pentecost transcends ALL local assemblies (churches).All these extrabiblical doctrines formulated over time and after the Apostolic age.

But in the beginning there were many churches (local assemblies, read the Book of Acts) in which elders were appointed.Acts 14:23 “When they had appointed elders for them in every church, having prayed with fasting, they commended them to the Lord in whom they had believed.”

Titus 1:5 "For this reason I left you in Crete, that you would set in order what remains and appoint elders in every city as I directed you,"Notice in Acts 14:23 the elders were commended (given in charge) to the Lord in whom they believed. They were not commended to some distant elders (presbuteros) residing in the city of Rome. You’ll find nothing of the sort in Scripture or in any Apostolic teachings in the Epistles. Elders (presbuteros) and overseers (episkopos) are one and the same (Titus 1:5-9). They were appointed to govern over their own local assemblies. NONE were instructed to report to Rome. You need to read the history of Christendom to understand how it all evolved.
You must not gave read Acts 15. Talk about some distant elders they were good enough for Paul!

1 Some who had come down from Judea were instructing the brothers, “Unless you are circumcised according to the Mosaic practice, you cannot be saved.” 2

2

Because there arose no little dissension and debate by Paul and Barnabas with them, it was decided that Paul, Barnabas, and some of the others should go up to Jerusalem to the apostles and presbyters about this question.

3

They were sent on their journey by the church, and passed through Phoenicia and Samaria telling of the conversion of the Gentiles, and brought great joy to all the brothers.

4

When they arrived in Jerusalem, they were welcomed by the church, as well as by the apostles and the presbyters, and they reported what God had done with them.
 
I’m sorry - beliefs about the afterlife, beliefs about what CHRIST will do pre- or post- or during the Last Judgement - beliefs about whether CHRIST will take us off of this earth and put us somewhere else or establish HIS Kingdom on this planet - these all ARE beliefs about Christ!!! Being beliefs about Christ, then, how are they dispensable?
I never said they were dispensable, Maria. But one is not saved based on one’s Millennial view/belief, but rather one is saved or not saved based on one’s belief or disbelief in the message (gospel) concerning the Person and finished, once for all, sacrificial work of Jesus Christ on his/her behalf (Acts 16:31; Jn. 3:14-18; 5:24).1 Cor 1:21 “For since in the wisdom of God the world through its wisdom did not {come to} know God, God was well-pleased through the foolishness of the message preached to save those who believe.

1 Cor 1:23 "…but we preach Christ crucified, to Jews a stumbling block and to Gentiles foolishness,"The rest of your post defends your own argument which was never my position in the first place.
 
The belief in Millennarianism is not according to any “sect.” In fact, it was the predominate belief amongst the churches for the first 300 years. Amillennialism didn’t take hold until after the fourth century and that’s because men began to allegorize the prophetic Scriptures.YesThis is answered based on my previous answer.The belief is not the teaching of any “sect.” There can be pre-tribers and post-tribers attending the same church. One’s salvation is not based on one’s eschatological beliefs. As for authority, it rests in the Scriptures themselves. Always has. It’s men who always want to usurp their inherent, Divine authority.Pre-Mill/Pre-Trib’ism is based on a consistent, literal interpretation of the prophetic Scriptures (Israel remains Israel, the church remains the church. The latter does not replace the former in Scripture - which is called “Replacement Theology” - a theology of men).Prayer, study and reliance on Him.
" The most important topic, among Fundamentalists themselves, is the Second Coming. if there is any agreement, it is only on the point that Christ will physically return to Earth. When that will be is up for grabs. Premillennialists say it will be before the millenium, the thousand year reign. Postmillennialists say it will be after. There is little consensus on just what the the millenium itself will be. There are also disputes about the Rapture and the Tribulation. With respect to the latter, there is widespread disagreement on its nature and its timing with respect to the millenium. Some think it is around the corner, with the Russians playing the role assigned to the northern power in Daniel. Others say it is in the distant future . . . fundamentalists may be termed absorbed in chronicling the Last Days, the only difficulty being that no two major commentators agree on what will happen or when." Thanks to Karl Keating from “Catholicism and Fundamentalism”

Now there is real unity in belief. :rolleyes:
 
The belief in Millennarianism is not according to any “sect.” In fact, it was the predominate belief amongst the churches for the first 300 years. Amillennialism didn’t take hold until after the fourth century and that’s because men began to allegorize the prophetic Scriptures.YesThis is answered based on my previous answer.The belief is not the teaching of any “sect.” There can be pre-tribers and post-tribers attending the same church. One’s salvation is not based on one’s eschatological beliefs. As for authority, it rests in the Scriptures themselves. Always has. It’s men who always want to usurp their inherent, Divine authority.Pre-Mill/Pre-Trib’ism is based on a consistent, literal interpretation of the prophetic Scriptures (Israel remains Israel, the church remains the church. The latter does not replace the former in Scripture - which is called “Replacement Theology” - a theology of men).Prayer, study and reliance on Him.
In the earliest times there were some who, misled by certain texts in the Apocalypse and by thr strange fancies of Jewish-Christian circles, exemplified in Papias, early in the second century, imagined that after the General Resurection a reign of Christ with the risen Saints would be established here on earth for a thousand years. Only after the expiration of this period would the Saints enter heaven in consummated bliss. At the first resurrection only the just would rise and enter this earthly kingdom, in which they would be prepared by Christ for the final consummation, when they would contemplate the Father in his divine glory. These ideas were held by some in the East and the West. Tertullian, Victorinus, and Lanctantius among the Latin Fathers, St. Irenaeus among the Greeks, were affected by them; but their very words betray that these fancies were not shared by all Christians. In fact, they were strongly opposed by many from the very beginning, and after some intermittent vogue during the first four centuries, were universally and definitely set aside within the Church. They would have been forever relegated to the curiosities of ancient literature, were it not for some revival of them among Protestant sects in recent years.
 
The belief in Millennarianism is not according to any “sect.” In fact, it was the predominate belief amongst the churches for the first 300 years. Amillennialism didn’t take hold until after the fourth century and that’s because men began to allegorize the prophetic Scriptures.YesThis is answered based on my previous answer.The belief is not the teaching of any “sect.” There can be pre-tribers and post-tribers attending the same church. One’s salvation is not based on one’s eschatological beliefs. As for authority, it rests in the Scriptures themselves. Always has. It’s men who always want to usurp their inherent, Divine authority.Pre-Mill/Pre-Trib’ism is based on a consistent, literal interpretation of the prophetic Scriptures (Israel remains Israel, the church remains the church. The latter does not replace the former in Scripture - which is called “Replacement Theology” - a theology of men).Prayer, study and reliance on Him.
That Millenarianism is a form of religious dreaming is even older than the Gospels; it is man’s hope of the millennium. It has always been the faith of certain pious people , whom the iniquities of the world have afflicted their souls, that there would be on this earth some day a very magnificent kingdom of God. With the advent of Christianity it was, of course, Christ who would be the King of that happy era of human sanctity. It is not easy to contradict people and prove them to be wrong if they profess a hope in some mighty triumph of Christ here on earth before the final consummation of all things. Such an occurrence is not excluded, is not impossible, it is not at all certain that there may not be a prolonged period of triumphant Christianity before the end. The point of division between legitimate aspirations of devout souls and the aberrations of false millenarism is this: the Chiliasts - as believers in the millennium are called - seem to expect a coming of Christ and a presence of him in glory and majesty on this earthwhich would be the consummation of all things but would still be a portion of the history of mankind. This is not consonant with Catholic dogma. The coming of Christ in the second Advent - the Parousia, as it is called technically - in orthodox Christianity is the consummation of all things, the end of human history.

cont.
 
The belief in Millennarianism is not according to any “sect.” In fact, it was the predominate belief amongst the churches for the first 300 years. Amillennialism didn’t take hold until after the fourth century and that’s because men began to allegorize the prophetic Scriptures.YesThis is answered based on my previous answer.The belief is not the teaching of any “sect.” There can be pre-tribers and post-tribers attending the same church. One’s salvation is not based on one’s eschatological beliefs. As for authority, it rests in the Scriptures themselves. Always has. It’s men who always want to usurp their inherent, Divine authority.Pre-Mill/Pre-Trib’ism is based on a consistent, literal interpretation of the prophetic Scriptures (Israel remains Israel, the church remains the church. The latter does not replace the former in Scripture - which is called “Replacement Theology” - a theology of men).Prayer, study and reliance on Him.
If before that final end there is to be a period, more or less prolonged, of triumphant sanctity, such a result will be brought about, not by the apparition of the Person of Christ in Majesty but the operation of those powers of sanctification which are now at work, the Holy Spirit and the Sacraments of the Church. The Chiliasts of all times and shades of opinion, and there are many to be found even today, seem to despair, not only of the world, but even of that dispensation of grace which was inaugurated at Pentecost; they expect from the visible presence of Christ a complete conversion of the world, as if such a happy result could not be otherwise brought about. They have still to learn the meaning of Christ’s words to the Apostles: “It is expedient to you that I go. For if I go not, the Paraclete will not come to you: but if I go, I will send him to you.” (John 16:7)

The Catholic Church has full confidence in the present order of supernatural life, and if she sighs for the return of her Christ it is not because she despairs of the work he has done, but because she desires to see that work made manifest to all men, that it may appear what wondrous things Christ accomplished for man before his Ascension into heaven
 
The Chiliasts…seem to despair, not only of the world, but even of that dispensation of grace which was inaugurated at Pentecost;
This is a silly statement. Chiliasts rejoice in this dispensation of grace. Tom, have you actually ever read any literary works of Dispensational theologians? If so, who?
they expect from the visible presence of Christ a complete conversion of the world
Total error. There’s no such expectation. Obviously you haven’t actually studied Dispensationalism.
They have still to learn the meaning of Christ’s words to the Apostles: “It is expedient to you that I go. For if I go not, the Paraclete will not come to you: but if I go, I will send him to you.” (John 16:7)
There’s no great mystery behind this verse. It’s through the Holy Spirit that Christ, now sharing His Father’s throne in heaven functioning there as the believer’s High Priest ever interceding for him, is building His church. The Holy Spirit baptizes each true believer into the body of Christ, which is the church Christ is presently building (1 Cor. 12:13; cf. Eph. 1:22-23; Col. 1:18, 24). And it’s in/through the Spirit who indwells him that the true believer receives power to live a life that glorifies Christ. And by the Spirit the true believer is “sealed unto the day of redemption” (i.e., of his body, Eph. 4:30; cf. 2 Cor. 1;22; Eph. 1:13). That’s an eternal salvation.
 
Paul was never sure of his own salvation. He always used “I hope” when talking about his own salvation until he knew that his own death was upon him. At that time, he knew he had “preserver-ed till the end [in faith]” and “ran the good race” and knew that salvation was his.
Exactly.

The immediacy of the celestial reward after death for those who are free from sin and its penalties clearly results from these words of St. Paul: “If our earthly house of this habitation be dissolved, we have a building of God, a house not made with hands, eternal in heaven . . .we groan, desiring to be clothed upon with our habitation that is from heaven, yet that we be so found clothed, not naked . . . We, who are in this tabernacle, do groan, being burdened; because we would not be unclothed, but clothed upon, that that which is mortal may be swallowed up by life . . .we have confidence knowing that while we are in the body we are absent from the Lord, for we walk by faith and not by sight; but we are confident and have a good will to be absent rather from the body and to be present with the Lord.” (2 Corinthians 5:1-8)

The passage becomes clear when once the somewhat unusual phraseology is understood.
Our earthly house is this mortal body; our heavenly house is our glorified body; the naked soul is the disembodied soul, possessing neither its earthly nor its celestial body. Here on earth we groan at the thought of death because we would wish to exchange our mortal body straightway for our glorified one, and not to pass through our naked state, divested of any body at all. Yet though we dread death, we have " a good will to be absent rather from the body and to be present with the Lord." It is better for us to be with Christ, though in a disembodied state, than to be in our bodies here away from Christ. To be away from Christ is to walk only by faith, to be with Christ is to walk by sight. The disembodied soul, therefore, has ceased to walk by faith, and sees God face to face.

Hence St. Paul could write: “Christ shall be magnified in my body, whether it be by life or by death, for to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain. And if to live in the flesh, this is to me the fruit of labor; and what I shall choose I know not. But I am straitened between two: having a desire to be dissolved and to be with Christ, a thing by far the better. But to abide still in the flesh is needful for you.” (Phil. 1:20-24) St. Paul did not know what to desire, whether to die and be with Christ or to remain on earth where he was so much needed by the infant Church. Clearly he expected immediate heavenly bliss after death. The same thought is embodied in his those famous words, which it were well that we might all make our own when the course of life is over:

“The time of dissolution is at hand. I have fought a good fight: Ihave finished my course: I have kept the faith. As to the rest, there is laid up for me a crown of justice, which the Lord the just judge will render to me in that day: and not only to me, but to them his coming.” ( 2 Timothy 4:6-8 )
 
This is a silly statement. Chiliasts rejoice in this dispensation of grace. Tom, have you actually ever read any literary works of Dispensational theologians? If so, who?Total error. There’s no such expectation. Obviously you haven’t actually studied Dispensationalism.There’s no great mystery behind this verse. It’s through the Holy Spirit that Christ, now sharing His Father’s throne in heaven functioning there as the believer’s High Priest ever interceding for him, is building His church. The Holy Spirit baptizes each true believer into the body of Christ, which is the church Christ is presently building (1 Cor. 12:13; cf. Eph. 1:22-23; Col. 1:18, 24). And it’s in/through the Spirit who indwells him that the true believer receives power to live a life that glorifies Christ. And by the Spirit the true believer is “sealed unto the day of redemption” (i.e., of his body, Eph. 4:30; cf. 2 Cor. 1;22; Eph. 1:13). That’s an eternal salvation.
As has been shown to you in a previous post, your interpretations of Scripture are fallible (by your own admission) and, therefore, totally untrustworthy. And, as I have also shown in today’s posts, modern day Chiliasts cannot even agree among themselves. Puhleeese.
 
As has been shown to you in a previous post, your interpretations of Scripture are fallible (by your own admission) and, therefore, totally untrustworthy. And, as I have also shown in today’s posts, modern day Chiliasts cannot even agree among themselves. Puhleeese.
My eschatological position is “accurate” based on a literal interpretation of the prophetic Scriptures. However, no man (save the Son of Man) is infallible. Haven’t we been through this already? Tom, I’d like to see you do some personal study on your own. Read some original sources. Get a real grasp of what’s actually being taught. It’s not good when somebody else does the thinking for you.
 
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