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Oh! I forgot to include the biased footnotes.
Footnotes {1} J. M. Bailey et al., “Heritable Factors Influence Sexual Orientations in Women,” Archives of General Psychiatry 50, no. 3, pp. 217-23. Note the title. Even though the authors admit that any possible heritable factors contribute only 25 percent to a homosexual predisposition, the article is titled as though trumpeting a headline discovery. It was picked up that way by sympathetic media outlets.
{2} S. LeVay, “A Difference in Hypothalamic Structure Between heterosexual and Homosexual Men,” Science 253 (1991), pp. 1034-37.
{3} D. Swaab and M. Hofman, “An Enlarged Suprachiasmatic Nucleus in Homosexual Men,” Brain Research 537 (1990), pp. 141-48.
{4} L. Allen, et al., “Sexual Orientation and the Size of the Anterior Commissure in the Human Brain,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 89, no. 15 (1992), pp. 7199-7202.
{5} S. Demeter et al., “Morphometric analysis of the human corpus callosum and anterior commissure,” Human Neurobiology 6 1988), pp. 219-26.
{6} G. Gabbard, “Psychodynamic Psychiatry in the ‘Decade of the Brain,’” American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, no. 8 (1992), pp. 991-98.
{7} D. Deam et al., “Alpha1-Antitrypsin Phenotypes in Homosexual Men,” Pathology 21 (1989), pp. 91-92.
{8} R. Post, “Transduction of Psychosocial Stress into the Neurobiology of Recurrent Affective Disorder,” American Journal of Psychiatry 148, no. 8 (1992), pp. 999-1010.
{9} Gabbard, “Psychodynamic Psychiatry.”
{10} Reported in D. Gelman “Born or Bred?” Newsweek, 24 February 1992, pp. 46-53.
{11} J. Maddox, “Is Homosexuality Hardwired?” Nature 353 (September 1991), p. 13.
{12} P. Billings and J. Beckwith, “Born Gay?” Technology Review, July 1993, p. 60. Paul Billings, M.D., is the former chief of the Division of Genetic Medicine at California Pacific Medical Center in Palo Alto, California and is now head of Internal Medicine at the Palo Alto Veteran’s Administration Hospital; Jonathan Beckwith, M.D., is American Cancer Society Research Professor in the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics at Harvard Medical School.
{13} Ibid., p. 60.
{14} Ibid., p. 61.
{15} See D. W. Whitehead, “Dan Quayle Was Right,” The Atlantic Monthly 271, no. 4, pp. 47-84, for an excellent, lay-oriented summary of this reversal. Among others, Whitehead cites Sara McLanahan, now a sociologist at Princeton: “I’d gone to graduate school in the days when the politically correct argument was that single-parent families were just another family form, and it was fine.” She acknowledges now that “Evidence on intergenerational poverty indicates that, indeed, offspring from single mother families are far more likely to be poor and to form mother-only families than are offspring who live with two parents most of their pre-adult lives.” (p. 62). Whitehead and McLanahan are just two of the many, more often than not female, researchers who have broken out of the destructive seventies mindset. Perhaps the most well-known is Judith Wallerstein, director of the long-term, and still ongoing, California Children of Divorce Study. Her 1989 book, written with Sandra Blakeslee, Second Chances: Men, Women, and Children a Decade after Divorce, blew the lid off the divorce-as-personal-fulfillment-the-kids-will-be-fine fantasy.
{16} E. Coleman et al., “Sexual and Intimacy Dysfunction Among Homosexual Men and Women,” Psychiatric Medicine (United States) 10, no. 2 (1992), pp. 257-71.
{17} L. S. Doll et al., “Self-Reported Childhood and Adolescent Sexual Abuse Among Adult Homosexual Bisexual Men,” Child Abuse and Neglect 16, no. 6 (1992), pp. 855-64.
{18} D. M. Greenberg, J. M. Bradford, and S. Curry, “A Comparison of Sexual Victimization in the Childhoods of Pedophiles and Hebephiles,” Journal of Forensic Science (United States) 38, no. 2 (March 1993), pp. 432-36.
