8For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God— 9not by works, so that no one can boast. 10What we are is God’s work. He has created us in Christ Jesus for the good works which he has prepared beforehand, that we should devote ourselves to the. – Ephesians 2:8-10
Your recap of Paul’s words is misleading when you leave out the words “by grace”. What he says is that we have been saved by grace – through faith. Altho a part of the process, it is not our faith that saves us, it is God’s grace. St. Paul says it very clearly a couple verses earlier: Eph 2:5 “…(by grace you have been saved),”
[In Catholic theology, Sanctifying grace is the **formal cause of our justification; Baptism is referred to as the **instrumental cause **(of our initial justification).]
In an adult convert, faith is a necessary preparation/precondition for the reception of this justifying/sanctifying grace in Baptism.
It is possible to lose the life of grace after receiving it – through mortal sin; through a rejection of one’s faith. A baby receives sanctifying grace in Baptism, but as he reaches the age of reason, faith is necessary in order to retain that grace.
So he is not counting faith as a work (“not by works”). Paul goes on the say in Ephesians that our creation (rebirth) is God’s work. I know baptism is God’s work. I understand from this that when St Paul says not by works he does not include faith or baptism in that, since both are God’s work. Is this right?
It sure would have been nice if St, Paul had included a clear and comprehensive definition of what he meant by “works”!
Faith IS a gift from God, but there is also a cooperation on our part, an act of will to accept Our Lord and His teaching. St. Paul might well have considered this a “work”. But keep in mind it doesn’t change the meaning of any of his words, for he never says that we are saved by our faith – that it is our faith that erases the guilt of sin and restores life to our souls.
I have a feeling if someone approached St. Paul and told him, “I have a strong faith in Jesus. My knowledge of Him, and my will to love and accept Him, have justified me.”, St. Paul would probably accuse that person of claiming to be saved by his own works.
Re Baptism being God’s work. The physical pouring of water, speaking of words, is “work” done by us. God binds grace to this act and again, it is this grace that saves us.