This is the part that I am having trouble with. If, as you state, we have the moral right and even the moral duty when other innocent individual are involved, to defend ourselves and others – how is the bishop not violating moral law by removing from us the ability to defend ourselves?
As bishop one of his rights and duties is to interpret and apply the law. That’s what he’s doing. As I said, we can disagree with his interpretation and application, but we cannot disobey.
Here is the problem that many have. We forget that the bishop is the highest teacher of any diocese. Until a higher authority says that he is wrong, his interpretation is binding. In this case it’s binding civilly and canonically.
Only the Holy Father or curia, speaking for the Holy Father, can trump; the bishop on any issue of law. You and I are not up there on the chain of command.
In philosophy there are objective and subjective discourse. It is precisely to use these correctly that we (religious, deacons, priests, bishops, and theologians) study so much philosophy.
One can make an objective case for this issue and it has been made in the CCC. But the CCC has left the subjective case to be made by the local bishop. The CCC has said “may be”. When law says that something “may be” done it is up to the proper authority to decide when that “may be” is. In a parish belonging to the diocese that authority is the bishop. In any place belonging to a religious community, that authority is the religious superior.
When you speak about your specific situation, you’re speaking subjectively. That’s what the bishop is doing. This is philosophically correct. The questions that arise are two: 1) Does the person speaking about a subjective situation have the authority to do so? In the case, yes. The Ordinary of a diocese is the highest authority in that diocese. 2) Does his application of a law to the local situation violate a dogma or moral teaching? The answer here is no, it does not, because the bishop is not saying that one does not have a right to protect himself. He’s saying that this right can be exercised in a church without the use of guns. He’s speaking about the means, not about the right. The means are not binding on Catholics. Therefore, the bishop can take that away. He cannot take away the right. You can use your shoes, your fists, your missal, but you cannot use a gun in a church. That’s all that he’s saying.
As a theologian, the bishop has an obligation to defend the highest truth. While sef-defense is a truth. The dignity of life and the teaching against killing is an even higher truth… The Church has only authorized killing in very specific cases. These are not blanket statements. Certain conditions must be met to justify the use of a weapon against another person. If the bishop feels tha the conditions prescribed by philosophy and ethics are not met, then he can prohibit the guns in churches. That’s what he’s doing.
He has the authority of the apostles to do this. You don’t need to be right to have apostolic authority. You don’t even need to be right to be obeyed. A bishop can be wrong and must still be obeyed, as long as he is not asking you to do something that the Church has defined as a sin. Here is the catch. It has to defined as a sin by the Church, not by my conscience or your conscience. In that case the bishop has the right to apply the rule of malformed conscience. This means that he can continue to demand that you and I comply, because our consciences are not properly formed.
Fraternally,
Br. JR, OSF
