You guys do have very good point about Jesus leaving Peter in charge of the flock now that I considered all the verses and the relationship Jesus and Peter had.
I’m impressed - admitting that takes courage, and a real openness to the Truth. That was big of you.
One thing I’m not sure of is, in the book of Acts, Paul is the one who ends up in Rome and speaks to the Jews there. It seems to me from reading Acts, that it was Paul who started to spread the gospel there.
Actually, the first Christians in Rome were those converted by Peter at Pentecost – see Acts 2, especially v. 10. So Peter planted the first seeds.
Both Peter and Paul then built up the Church at Rome. While Peter was the Bishop of Rome, he wasn’t the only Apostle to spend time there - Paul and John both did, as well (which is one reason that Rome is referred to from the earliest days as “the Apostolic See,” besides it being the location of the See of Peter).
We know that Peter worked out of Rome, because he sends greetings from Rome, which he call “Babylon,” in 1 Peter 5:13. Both he and Paul were eventually martyred in Rome. My impression is that Peter was in Rome as a full-time ministry, while Paul was a full-time traveling missionary to the Gentiles.
The Early Church Fathers have numerous references to Peter being at Rome, and to Peter and Paul being at Rome. You can find them
here.
Wasn’t Paul the apostle Jesus chose to go and preach the good news to the Gentiles? But it also does clearly seem that Peter had a unique leadership role among the apostles.
Paul is classically called the Apostle to the Gentiles, and in a way, he certainly was – his ministry was focused specifically on the Gentiles. But the door to the Gentiles was opened by Peter in Acts 10, at God’s command. In Acts 10:9-23, before Paul has even started his ministry, Peter is given a vision from God telling him that the dietary laws are no longer binding and that Gentiles can be saved. He explains this in Acts 11:1-18 to hostile Judaizers. Acts 11:18 is important, because it marks the first time that the early Christians acknowledged that the Gentiles could be saved, and it’s directly as a result of Peter’s vision.
Paul was a student of Peter’s, at least briefly. He learned from Peter over the course of two weeks prior to beginning his public ministry (Galatians 1:18). From Peter, he would have learned that the Gentiles were capable of being saved, and that we could safely eat with them. When Peter himself refused to eat with the Gentiles (out of fear of more angry Judaizers), Paul corrects him – he isn’t practicing what he’s preaching (Galatians 2:11-13).
Peter reminds everyone of the revelation God gave him in Acts 15:7-11 at the Council of Jerusalem, when there’s a debate over circumcision. It’s after Peter speaks that the debate stops, and Paul and Barnabas (who now have some missionary experience) are able to speak of the wonders of God being worked amongst the Gentiles. I’ve noticed that Peter and Paul are often depicted within Protestantism as enemies – Peter as some sort of semi-Judaizer, while Paul proclaims the Gospel of Grace. That’s just not true. Peter and Paul learned from each other and edified and encouraged each other (even, as in Gal. 2, sharply).
Finally, it was the Council of Jerusalem which then *sends *Paul and Barnabas to work amongst the Gentiles as a full-time ministry (Acts 15:25). This sending is important, from a Catholic perspective: they don’t work independent of the Church, but as messengers of the Good News of Christ sent by the Church. St. Francis De Sales in
The Catholic Controversy shows how everyone in the Bible is either called directly by God, sent by a Prophet, or sent by the Church (in its official capacity). From this, he demonstrated that Luther/Calvin/etc. weren’t sent to create a new Church, since they weren’t called directly, nor sent by a prophet, nor sent by the Catholic Church.
So long story short, Peter was the first to work amongst the Gentiles, and the first to work amongst the Romans (both Jews and Gentiles). Paul later took up where Peter left off in converting the Gentiles, and eventually came to help build up the Church in Rome. The Catholic Church even celebrates their feast on the same day, to emphasis that they worked as a team:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_of_Saints_Peter_and_Paul.