I’m not sure the world has always hated Russia. In fact, it’s played a pretty important part in a number of critical alliances. But there is the simple fact that Russia has been the dominant geopolitical land-based power, and while it has allied itself with Britain and later the US at critical points (each in turn the dominant global naval powers), it’s to be noted that those alliances have often been after Russia tested the waters the other way.
Alexander I sided with Napoleon, until he out and out betrayed him and shifted over to the British-Prussian Alliance in the Napoleonic Wars. Nicholas I was aligned with the Western Allies, but his horrible mismanagement of the war effort lead to his downfall, and Russia bowing out. And of course, there’s the infamous Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, though in Stalin’s defense, he had actually tried to convince the Western Allies to do something about Hitler, and when rebuffed, the Pact was as much his own version of the Munich Agreement, with the partition of Poland included, of course.
This is where I love the notion of historical momentum. You can look at a country like Russia, which has effectively gone through three different kinds of government; Absolute Monarchy, Communist dictatorship, and now semi-democratic republic, and yet the weight of Russia’s longstanding ambitions and geopolitical role are such that regardless of whether it was the Romanovs, the Bolsheviks or now Putin, the conflicts with the Western powers remain much the same.
The problem is, like it or not, those ambitions run afoul of the West’s own ambitions, and the West simply has more resources at its disposal. Russia can win victories; like Crimea and South Ossetia, and certainly has its former Warsaw Pact allies sweating (I doubt anyone can blame the Baltic states for being pretty nervous considering Russia’s long history of asserting that it all but owned the territory). But in the end, while it can guarantee its own territorial integrity, and can certainly menace its neighbors, it simply does not have the economic strength to ever actually outcompete the Western Alliance. It can try to break that Alliance, and certainly I think that is what its attempt to undermine Britain via Brexit, the US via the Trump victory, and attempts to undermine Macron. Seeing as the US, Britain and France and the primary powers in the NATO alliance, finding ways to undermine them is critical to weakening the alliance. Whether Russia will succeed remains to be seen.