MaggieOH:
Scenario:
You are confronted by a Puritan fundamentalist who claims that the Catholic Church was corrupted because of the introduction of pagan ideas by the emperor Constantine. This person also claims that much of what the Catholic Church does today are either the doctrines of men, or they are inventions. She then goes on to give a partial list of these “inventions”:
- The “chair” of Peter dates back to the ninth century and cannot be proved as being a part of early Christianity.
- The use of the “cookie” and wine has been borrowed from the pagans of Mithraism.
- The Virgin Birth was first mentioned in the eastern mystic religions, and the Catholics made up a Virgin Birth to give their religion legitimacy.
- Early Christians did not have a Pope. This is an invention that dates back to Constantine.
How would you refute each of the above accusations?
These assumptions are based upon some of the charges made by Loraine Boettner, the issue here is to dissect the accusation and prove how it is false. I will try to find some data on from anti-Catholic sites that accuse the Catholic Church of Apostasy, which in turn is used to give them legitimacy as the Church established by Jesus Christ.
MaggieOH
The following was written by someone on another catholic debate forum. It is an excellent dissection of this very subject.
Catholics need to realize that professional anti-Catholics have
dozens of charges like these up their sleeves, and they produce them
whenever they think they can make an impression on people who know
less than they. Bizarre allegations sow confusion in Catholic minds.
After all, most Catholics are not conversant with the finer points of
Church history and practice and are ripe targets for evangelistic
Fundamentalists.
Item: “Making the sign of the cross . . . [A.D.] 300.” That’s it.
That’s the whole charge: that the sign of the cross was
not “invented” until well into the Christian era. In reality, we can
show that Christians were making the sign of the cross at a much
earlier date. The theologian Tertullian, writing in A.D. 211, said
that “In all our travels and movements in all our coming in and going
out, in putting of our shoes, at the bath, at the table, in lighting
our candles, in lying down, in sitting down, whatever employment
occupieth us, we [Christians] mark our foreheads with the sign [of
the cross]” (The Chaplet [Crown] 3). Making the sign of the cross was
already an old custom when he wrote. It may well have been common
even while the apostles were alive.
But the mistake Boettner makes concerning the antiquity of the
practice is not the important thing. The real question is: Why does
he single out this practice at all? The answer: Because the sign of
the cross is not mentioned in the New Testament. The reader is
supposed to conclude that it must be contrary to Christian teaching.
But that makes little sense and, in fact, this line of reasoning
undermines Boettner’s own Fundamentalism.
The Pot Calling the Kettle Black
If Catholicism has changed matters of practice or customs over the
centuries, Fundamentalism has done the same. Indeed, there were no
altar calls and church steeples in the first century.
But the proper question is not whether Christ’s Church today
looks exactly as it did then—if that’s the criterion for discerning
the true Church from false ones, his Church cannot be found anywhere.
Rather, what matters is whether his Church has kept the same beliefs
as the early Church (which Catholicism has, unlike Boettner and all
Fundamentalists—not to mention Evangelicals).
Item: “Priests began to dress differently from laymen . . . [A.D.]
500.” So what? This charge can be brought against Fundamentalist
preachers who conduct services while dressed in choir robes.
Furthermore, Boettner’s statement is only a half-truth. The main
vestment worn by priests during Mass is the chasuble, which is really
nothing more than a stylized Roman overcoat. In the sixth century,
while fashions changed around them, priests kept the same clothing
they had used for liturgical purposes for some time. They did not
adopt special dress for Mass; they just kept to the old styles, while
everyday fashions changed, and over time their dress began to stand
out.
continued…