gilliam thanks for the link. Here’s the thing; I never thought I’d say this but Kissinger is out of his depth in speaking of Ukraine, as is Fareed Zakaria on CNN at times.
For instance, Kissinger just published this article, and already Russia and its disguised forces in Crimea have forbidden the presence of international election observers in Crimea. The Russian ‘border’ guard even released the safety on his gun as these observers arrived. Kissinger isn’t aware that for months now these people in Crimea and Russia have been bombarded with propaganda that the West is out to get them.
Ukrainian flags held by peaceful civilians are torn to shreds in Crimea. How can you conduct a referendum with thousands of masked Russian military on the ground. What of the by-now scared to death Ukrainians and Tatars on the peninsula, never mind that even among the Russian population there are those who do not wish to belong to Putin’s Russia.
Even the so-called Prime Minister of Crimea whom the Russians installed belongs to a small Russian party which only got 4% of Crimea’s votes and now this person speaks for all of Crimea?
The problem with Kissinger (I can’t find the revealing quote from his book Diplomacy) is that he is quite often blind to issues of morality and justice in international politics. It’s sometimes all-equivalent power politics in his mind. He was against Reagan labeling things good or evil in the 1980s, but Kissinger’s detente accomplished nothing, and his
balance of powers international strategy may have been good for 19th century Europe but it had no place in the Cold War, nor can it have much to say when a world power like Russia sees foreign policy as a zero-sum game, in complete distinction to Obama. Kissinger’s theory of balance of power can’t deal with players like Putin.
Yes, I had to read his World Restored study back in University, but Crown Prince Metternich would be lost in today’s world.
Back to Ukraine, Kissinger’s lack of depth is illustrated in the following quote from the article you linked:
*The West must understand that, to Russia, Ukraine can never be just a foreign country. Russian history began in what was called Kievan-Rus. The Russian religion spread from there. Ukraine has been part of Russia for centuries, and their histories were intertwined before then. Some of the most important battles for Russian freedom, starting with the Battle of Poltava in 1709 , were fought on Ukrainian soil.
*
First off if Kissinger knew Ukrainian history he would know that the Battle of Poltava was not a fight for “Russian freedom” (Tsar Peter could hardly be called freedom fighter for the people) but was actually a battle in which the Ukrainian Hetman Mazepa and his Ukrainian forces, allying themselves with the Swedes, fought for Ukraine’s freedom from the Russian Tsar and Russian autocracy on Ukrainian soil at Poltava. How could Kissinger get this wrong? After Mazepa’s defeat, the civilian population of Hetmanate Ukraine’s capital, Baturyn, was decimated.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sack_of_Baturyn
The Ukrainian civilians of Baturyn, thousands, were all murdered, including children (whose bones are still being excavated), by the troops of the Russian Imperial Army in 1708. Men, women, children. And Kissinger calls this a fight for “Russian freedom”?
That’s why when some scholars talk on this subject I can tell Ukrainian history (complex as it is) is not their area of expertise. The same holds true of Zakaria who on GPS keeps going on about Ukraine being under Russia for 300 years. First off this ignores the autonomy of Left-Bank Ukraine up until 1709, Poltava. It then ignores the history of Right-Bank Ukraine which only was swallowed partially by Tsarist Russia at the end of the 18th Century. It completely ignores Galicia which was not conquered by Moscow until after World War Two, and Bukovyna, and Zakarpattia.
Kissinger’s history also ignores the fact that Ukraine’s capital Kyiv and Russia’s Muscovy took completely different trajectories in the Middle Ages after Kublai Khan. They became two different entities with two different political cultures. For two hundred years, the biggest influence on Muscovy’s political evolution was the Mongol Golden Horde which lorded over it and whose practice of autocracy was absorbed by the Muscovite Princes after the Golden Horde was no more. For Kyiv, it was Lithuania which, because of its cultural backwardness to Kyiv in the Middle Ages, basically let Kyivan Ukraine keep its culture, religion. Many historians of Kyivan-Rus point to this difference in the historical trajectories Russian Moscow took (autocracy) compared to Ukrainian Kyiv and even Russian Novgorod which rejected Muscovite autocracy, preferring democratic gatherings called
Viche/Veche and a division of powers as opposed to absolute rule.