Purgatory:
1 Peter 3:18-20
For Christ also suffered once for sins, the just for the unjust, that He might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive by the Spirit, 19 by whom also
He went and preached to the spirits in prison, 20 who formerly were disobedient, when once the Divine longsuffering waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was being prepared, in which a few, that is, eight souls, were saved through water.
These souls in purgatory (prison) were the souls who had repented while the flood was drowning them. Jesus went to preach to them while He was waiting for His resurrection from the dead. So, sometime between Friday afternoon after His death until He arose from the dead on Resurrection Sunday (Easter), He preached to these poor souls in purgatory (prison). They had already been in this prison (purgatory) for about 2000 years because Noah’s flood happened about 2000 years before Jesus’ Incarnation.
Where were the souls of the Righteous/Just persons who had lived and died before Jesus’ birth and death? They were not in Purgatory/prison. They were in a place of comfort awaiting the re-opening of the gates of heaven so that they could enter.
They were waiting in “Abraham’s bosom” or some call it “Limbo” or “Paradise” for short because it is a place located somewhere between earth and the third heaven where God’s throne is located (
2 Corinthians 12:1-5), possibly it is the place called the second heaven.
Luke 16:19-26
There was a certain rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen and fared sumptuously every day. 20 But there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, full of sores, who was laid at his gate, 21 desiring to be fed with the crumbs which fell from the rich man’s table. Moreover the dogs came and licked his sores. 22 So it was that the beggar died, and was carried by the angels to
Abraham’s bosom. The rich man also died and was buried. 23 And being in torments in Hades, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom.
24 “Then he cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame.’ 25 But Abraham said, ‘Son, remember that in your lifetime you received your good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things; but now
he is comforted and you are tormented. 26 And besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, so that those who want to pass from here to you cannot, nor can those from there pass to us.’
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The persons who were in Abraham’s bosom were not in prison.** Abraham’s bosom was a place of comfort. The rich man was in hell. He had every comfort on earth but neglected to love His fellow man. He did not give his excess away. He kept it for himself (
Luke 3:11)This is one reason why Jesus taught that it is very difficult for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven (
Matthew 19:23).
The Just/Righteous had to wait in Abraham’s bosom until Jesus died so that He could open the gates of heaven again. Adam’s sin closed the gates of heaven. No human person could ascend into the third heaven until after Jesus ascended there first and re-opened the gates which had been closed since Adam’s sin.
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Before Jesus’ death and resurection:**
John 3:12-15
If I have told you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you heavenly things? 13
No one has ascended to heaven but He who came down from heaven, that is, the Son of Man who is in heaven. 14 And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up, 15 that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have eternal life.
After Jesus’ resurrection:
John 20:16-18
Jesus said to her, “Mary!”
She turned and said to Him, “Rabboni!” (which is to say, Teacher).
17 Jesus said to her,
“Do not cling to Me, for I have not yet ascended to My Father; but go to My brethren and say to them, ‘I am ascending to My Father and your Father, and to My God and your God.’” 18 Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that He had spoken these things to her (
Acts 26:22-24).
Jesus re-opened the gates of heaven and all those in Abraham’s bosom entered into eternal life and they are awaiting the resurrection of their bodies on the Last Day (
1 Thessalonians 4:15-17)