Part Two:
Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa’i gives at least five criteria for the prophet.
He must be of pure lineage (in the sense that his ancestors on both sides led moral lives),
blameless,
absolutely truthful,
the most knowledgeable and continent of the people of his time,
and protected (
ma’sum) from all sins, major and minor, before and after receiving his mission.
[37]
Al-Ahsa’i follows earlier Shi’i thinkers in distinguishing between the teaching prophet (
nubuwwat at-ta’rif) and legislating prophet (
nubwwat at-tashri’).
[38] One early Shi’i’ writer defined a prophet as a man who brings a message from God without the mediation of any human being.
[39] Most Shi’i thinkers also believed that the ability to perform miracles was one of the requirements of prophethood. While Bahá’í theology, as expounded by Bahá’u’lláh’s son 'Abdu’l-Bahá, accepts that miracles can occur, these are not held to constitute decisive proof for the truth of a prophet’s mission.
[40]
and from the Book of Second Esdras 9
He answered me then, and said, Measure thou the time
diligently in itself: and when thou seest part of the signs
past, which I have told thee before,
2
Then shalt thou understand, that it is the very same time,
wherein the Highest will begin to visit the world which he made.
3
Therefore when there shall be seen earthquakes and uproars of
the people in the world:
4
Then shalt thou well understand, that the most High spake of
those things from the days that were before thee, even from the
beginning.
5
For like as all that is made in the world hath a beginning
and an end, and the end is manifest:
6
Even so the times also of the Highest have plain beginnings
in wonder and powerful works, and endings in effects and signs.
7
And every one that shall be saved, and shall be able to
escape by his works, and by faith, whereby ye have believed,
8
Shall be preserved from the said perils, and shall see my
salvation in my land, and within my borders: for I have
sanctified them for me from the beginning.
9
Then shall they be in pitiful case, which now have abused my
ways: and they that have cast them away despitefully shall dwell
in torments.
10
For such as in their life have received benefits, and have
not known me;
11
And they that have loathed my law, while they had yet liberty,
and, when as yet place of repentance was open unto them,
understood not, but despised it;
…